曹妃甸海域浮游植物群落及其在围填海前后的变化分析  

Phytoplankton community and changes after reclamation in Caofeidian coastal waters

作　　者：刘西汉 王玉珏[3] 石雅君[3] 田海兰[1,2] 程林[1,2] 王艳霞[1,2] LIU Xi-han;WANG Yu-jue;SHI Ya-jun;TIAN Hai-lan;CHENG Lin;WANG Yan-xia(Co-Laboratory of Ecology and Environment of Hebei Coastal Zone,Institute of Geographical Sciences,Hebei Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050011,China;Hebei Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information Application,Institute of Geographical Sciences,Hebei Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050011,China;Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecologi-cal Remediation,Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yantai 264003,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省科学院地理科学研究所,河北海岸带生态与环境联合实验室,河北石家庄050011 [2]河北省科学院地理科学研究所,河北省地理信息开发应用工程技术研究中心,河北石家庄050011 [3]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2020年第3期379-386,共8页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41776126,41676117);中国科学院院地合作项目(13001001);河北省科学院两院合作项目(161304,181601);河北省科学院高层次人才资助项目(2016022577-13)。

摘　　要：本文通过2013年8月和2014年5月在曹妃甸周边海域实施的两次调查,分析了浮游植物群落特征及其与环境因子的关系,并结合历史调查资料分析了围填海前后浮游植物群落的变化情况。结果表明:春季和夏季分别鉴定出浮游植物49种和76种,均以硅藻为主,甲藻和金藻相对较少。春季浮游植物丰度范围为(1.93~7.89)×10^4 cells/m^3,优势种主要为具槽帕拉藻(Paralia sulcata)、细弱圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus subtilis)等,夏季浮游植物丰度范围为(5.85~5022.91)×10^4 cells/m^3,优势种主要为浮动弯角藻(Eucampia zodiacus)、中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)等,春季和夏季浮游植物丰度的空间分布基本一致,均呈现近岸高、远岸低的分布规律。温度、盐度和营养盐是影响浮游植物群落季节变化和空间分布的主要因素。曹妃甸围填海后,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)和Pielou均匀度指数(J)的变化具有空间差异,与水动力环境变化引起的营养盐重新分布有关;内湾海域受围填海影响较大,河流输入的淡水和营养盐不易被交换至外海,从而促进了浮动弯角藻的快速增殖,其丰度高达3725.58×10^4 cells/m^3,表明内湾海域赤潮风险较高。Based on two surveys respectively in August 2013 and May 2014 in Caofeidian coastal waters,phytoplankton community,its correlations with environmental factors,and changes after land reclamation were analyzed.The results showed that totally 49 and 76 species were identified in spring and summer,respectively,in which diatoms dominated with rare dinoflagellates and chrysophytes.Phytoplankton abundance in spring ranged from 1.93×10^4 cells/m^3 to 7.89×10^4 cells/m^3,and dominant species included Paralia sulcata,Coscinodiscus subtilis,etc.;while in summer,it ranged from 5.85×10^4 cells/m^3 to 5022.91×10^4 cells/m^3,and dominant species were Eucampia zodiacus,Skeletonema costatum,etc.The distributions of phytoplankton abundance in spring and summer were similar with high abundances ordinarily observed in inshore waters.Temperature,salinity and nutrients were important factors controlling seasonal shifts and spatial variations of phytoplankton community.After land reclamation,the changes of Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H′) and Pielou eveness index(J) showed spatial variations,which was related to nutrients redistribution due to hydrodynamic changes.The northeastern bay was seriously affected by reclamation.Freshwater and nutrients imported by rivers were hard to exchange outside,thus promoting the proliferation of E.zodiacus whose abundance reached 3725.58×10^4 cells/m^3 in summer,which suggested that the bay tended to be threatened by red tide.

关 键 词：曹妃甸 浮游植物 环境因子 围填海 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学] Q178.53