美国中医针灸立法问题分析和对策  

Analysis and Countermeasures of Legislation Problems of American Traditional Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion

作　　者：卢钰鸿 张立平 张丹英[3] 吕心欢 李彤迪 LU Yuhong;ZHANG Liping;ZHANG Danying;LYU Xinhuan;LI Tongdi(School of Humanities,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;Center for Chinese Medicine International Exchange and Cooperation,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学人文学院,北京100029 [2]北京中医药大学研究生院,北京100029 [3]北京中医药大学国际中医国际传播中心,北京100029

出　　处：《世界中医药》2020年第12期1836-1840,共5页World Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(17BGJ003)——我国中医药全球发展的战略格局与路径研究。

摘　　要：目的:梳理美国中医针灸立法的背景和过程,总结立法现存问题并探讨其背后原因,提出相应对策。方法:通过检索2009—2019年间中国知网(CNKI)和万方数据库收录的相关文献,查阅美国政府和医疗机构的相关网络公告,收集美国中医针灸立法现状和问题的资料。结果:州针灸立法接近尾声,联邦针灸立法初显苗头。立法现存问题包括“重针轻药”“缺乏针灸联邦立法”和“针灸未被纳入社会医疗保险”。结论:3大问题由内外二因共同作用所致。虽无法在短期内扭转外在颓势,但可先通过加强中医药教育、加大中医药人才队伍的建设、提高临床科研水平、动员团结各方势力、积极传播中医文化等方法来改善内在不足之处,增强中医话语权,遏制“去中国化”趋势,提升自身综合实力,以促进中医在未来实现全面立法。Objective:To analyze the existing problems,discuss the reasons behind it and propose corresponding countermeasures by combing the background and process of American acupuncture and moxibustion legislation.Methods:The information on the current status and problems of US TCM acupuncture legislation was collected by retrieving relevant documents collected by China Knowledge Network(CNKI)and Wanfang Database from 2009 to 2019,and by consulting the relevant online announcements of the US government and medical institutions.Results:The state legislation of acupuncture has almost completed and the federal acupuncture legislation was showing signs of growth.The current problems included“legislation emphasizing acupuncture rather than Chinese medicines”,“lack of federal acupuncture legislation”and“acupuncture not being included in social medical insurance”.Conclusion:The 3 problems were caused by the combined effect of internal and external factors.Although it is impossible to reverse the external decline in the short term,we can first improve the internal deficiencies,strengthen the discourse power of TCM,curb the trend of“de-Chineseization”,enhance its comprehensive strength,and promote the comprehensive legislation of TCM in the future by strengthening traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)education,enhancing the building of TCM talents,advancing clinical scientific research,mobilizing all forces,and actively spreading TCM culture.

关 键 词：中医针灸立法 美国 中医立法 中药 美国医疗保险 

分 类 号：R2-03[医药卫生—中医学]