基于气动/弹道耦合的激波针外形优化研究  

Design Optimization of Spikes Based on Aerodynamic-ballistic Coupling Method

作　　者：单继祥[1] 赵平[1] 龚志斌 陈强洪[1] SHAN Jixiang;ZHAO Ping;GONG Zhibin;CHEN Qianghong(Institute of System Engineering,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621999,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所,四川绵阳621999

出　　处：《弹道学报》2020年第2期1-6,共6页Journal of Ballistics

摘　　要：为了优化钝形弹头激波针外形设计,在超声速条件下实现显著减小气动阻力,有效提高全弹飞行速度的目的,采用数值模拟方法研究了亚、跨、超声速范围内球头激波针外形参数对减阻效果的影响及其流动机理,并以最大落地速度为优化目标,基于气动/弹道耦合方法对激波针外形参数进行了优化。结果表明:亚、跨声速范围内,由于激波针产生的附加阻力较大,使得全弹阻力系数增大,激波针无减阻效果;超声速时,激波针的减阻效果明显,且随马赫数的增大,最佳减阻外形的长度增大,半径减小。基于气动/弹道耦合的激波针外形优化方法充分考虑了气动阻力对飞行弹道的影响,优化后全弹落地速度、射程增幅提高10.0%左右。同时,在计算范围内增加激波针对全弹升力特性、静稳定性的影响均较小。The spike installed on the blunt-nosed body pushes the strong bow shock away from the body surface in supersonic speed,which forms recirculation flow with low pressure ahead of the body surface,and then decreases the drag,and the landing velocity of the rocket can be increased.Aiming at this problem,the effect of the spikes shape parameters on the drag induction and its flow mechanism were simulated.Based on the aerodynamic-ballistic coupling method,the spikes shape parameters were optimized to increase the landing velocity.The results show that the additional drag of the spikes is larger,and there is no drag reduction in subsonic speed and transonic speed.The drag reduction of the spikes is remakable in supersonic speed,and the optimal shape lengths increases,and the radius decreases with the increase of the Mach number.Based on the coupling method considering the effect of the drag aerodynamic of the spikes on the ballistics,the landing velocity and the range after optimization can be increased by 10.0%compared with the initial shape.In the calculation range,the effect of the spikes is little on the lift characteristic and the static stability.

关 键 词：激波针 阻力特性 落地速度 气动/弹道耦合 优化 

分 类 号：TJ303.4[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]