云南省2018年麻风病流行特征及空间分布特点  

Analysis on Epidemic Characteristics and Spatial Distribution of Leprosy in Yunnan Province in 2018

作　　者：何珺[1] 吴风志 熊立[1] 何妍 税铁军[1] HE Jun;WU Feng-zhi;XIONG Li;HE Yan;SHUI Tie-jun(Leprosy Research Center,Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention;Geographical Information Technology Teaching,Experimental Base and Innovation Service Center,Wenshan University,Wenshan Yunnan 663000;Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment Institute,Kunming Yunnan 650022,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心麻风病研究中心,云南昆明650022 [2]文山学院环境与资源学院,云南文山663000 [3]云南省疾病预防控制中心结核病研究中心,云南昆明650022

出　　处：《昆明医科大学学报》2020年第6期28-31,共4页Journal of Kunming Medical University

基　　金：云南省医疗卫生单位内设研究机构科研项目(2016NS142)。

摘　　要：目的对2018年云南省麻风病流行病学特征和空间分布特点进行分析,为可疑症状监测方案的实施提供科学依据。方法通过全国麻风病防治管理信息系统(LEPMIS)收集2017年1月1日至2018年12月31日云南省麻风病发病的流行病学及临床资料,运用GIS分析云南省麻风病的空间分布特点。结果 2018年全省共发现麻风病例183例,其中新发174例,较2017年增加了15例,增加了9.4%(15/159);儿童麻风病例3例,占1.7%(3/174);新发病人查菌阳性125例,占71.8 (125/174);2级畸残比为10.3%(18/174),较2017年减少2例,减少10%(2/20);新发现病例确诊延迟时间平均为17.1个月(17.1±8.9),与2017年相比(29.6±13.1)个月,平均延迟时间减少了42.2%;2018年新发现病例发现方式以皮肤科就诊为主,占45.9%,与2017年发现方式差异无统计学意义(χ2=15.634,P=0.029);2018年云南省麻风病在整体布局上呈现稀疏和集中相间分布的特点,东部地区分布较为集中,特别是文山州和红河州,西部地区分布稀疏。结论麻风病可疑症状监测方案的实施,有利于早期发现发现麻风病人,及时控制传染源,降低2级畸残率。Objective To study the characteristics of epidemiological and spatial pattern,and to provide scientific basis for the monitoring system of leprosy suspicious symptoms.Methods Date were collected from the Leprosy Management Information System in China(LEPMIS)from 2017.1 to 2018.12 in Yunnan,and GIS was used to analyze the spatial pattern characteristics.Results In 2018,a total of 183 cases of leprosy were found in yanan province,among which 174 were new cases,an increase of 15 cases or 9.4%over 2017(15/159).There were 3 cases of leprosy in children,accounting for 1.7%(3/174);there were 125 cases(71.8(125/174))of new cases with positive bacteria.The deformity ratio of grade 2 was 10.3%(18/174),2 cases less than that of 2017,10%(2/20).The average delay in the diagnosis of new cases was 17.1 months(17.1±8.9),which was 42.2%lower than that in 2017(29.6±13.1)In 2018,most new cases were found in dermatology clinics,accounting for 45.9%,with no statistically significant difference from that in 2017(χ2=15.634,P=0.029).In 2018,the leprosy spatial pattern in Yunnan Province was sparse and concentrated:the eastern area was relatively concentrated,especially Wenshan and Honghe,but the western region was sparse.Conclusion The implementation of the monitoring system of leprosy suspicious symptoms can help early diagnosis of leprosy,reduce Grade 2 disability,and control the source of infection.

关 键 词：麻风病 可疑症状监测 流行病学 空间分布 

分 类 号：R755[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学] R181.8[医药卫生—临床医学]