新生儿期肠道菌群动态特征及影响因素  

Dynamic characteristics and influencing factors of intestinal flora in neonatal period

作　　者：袁方 胡润芳 吴良霞[2] 张建华 YUAN Fang;HU Runfang;WU Liangxia;ZHANG Jianhua(Department of Pediatrics, United Family Healthcare, Shanghai 200335, China;Department of Pediatrics,Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China;Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China)

机构地区：[1]上海和睦家医院儿科,中国上海200335 [2]上海交通大学附属第六人民医院儿科,中国上海200233 [3]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院小儿呼吸内科,中国上海200092

出　　处：《教育生物学杂志》2020年第2期94-99,共6页Journal of Bio-education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81172887)。

摘　　要：目的利用聚合酶链式反应变性梯度凝胶电泳(polymerase chain reaction and denaturting gradient gel electrophoresis,PCR-DGGE)技术研究新生儿肠道菌群多样性的动态特征及其影响因素。方法采集157例足月儿和72例早产儿生后第3、5、7天及第3周的粪便标本,提取细菌总DNA,对其16S rDNA的V3可变区进行PCR扩增,扩增产物经DGGE电泳后计算肠道菌群丰富度(DGGE条带数)和Shannon-Wiener指数。结果生后第3、5、7天及第3周,新生儿肠道菌群丰富度随时间增加;生后7 d内的Shannon-Wiener指数随时间上升;生后第5天的菌群丰富度及Shannon-Wiener指数均显著高于生后第3天(P<0.001)。生后第3天,剖宫产儿肠道菌群丰富度和Shannon-Wiener指数显著低于顺产儿(P<0.001);生后第5天,剖宫产儿肠道菌群Shannon-Wiener指数显著低于顺产儿(P<0.05)。生后第7天和第3周,母乳喂养新生儿的肠道菌群Shannon-Wiener指数显著低于非母乳喂养新生儿(P<0.05)。足月儿生后第3、5、7天的肠道菌群丰富度和生后第3、5天的Shannon-Wiener指数均显著高于早产儿。结论新生儿期肠道菌群多样性随时间呈动态性变化,生后3~5 d为菌群发展最迅速时期。剖宫产新生儿早期的肠道菌群多样性低于顺产儿;母乳喂养多样性低于非母乳喂养;早产儿肠道菌群多样性低下,定植延迟。Objective To research dynamic characteristics of neonatal intestinal flora and to analyze the related factors influencing the intestinal flora diversity by using polymerase chain reaction and denaturting gradient gel electrophoresis(PCR-DGGE)technology.Methods Fecal samples were collected from 157 full-term and 72 pre-term neonates on the 3rd,5th,7th day and 3rd week after birth.The DNA samples of stool were extracted and PCR amplification was performed on the variable regions 3 of the 16S rDNA gene.After analysis by DGGE,intestinal flora richness and Shannon-Wiener index were calculated and analyzed statistically according to the band present on the DGGE gel.Results The neonatal intestinal flora richness changed dynamically with time and increased with time during the observation period.Shannon-Wiener index raised with time within 7 d after birth.Intestinal flora richness and Shannon-Wiener index of the 5th day were significantly higher than those of the 3rd day after birth(P<0.001).Richness and Shannon-Wiener index of cesarean section group were significantly lower than those of vaginal group on the 3rd day after birth(P<0.001).The number of vaginal group was also lower in Shannon-Wiener index on the 5th day after birth(P<0.05).Shannon-Wiener index of breast feeding group was significantly lower than that of formula feeding group on the both time of the 7th day and the 3rd week after birth(P<0.05).Full-term neonates'richness on the 3rd,5th,and 7th day after birth and Shannon-Wiener index on the 3rd and 5th day were significantly higher than those of pre-term infants.Conclusion The intestinal flora diversity of neonates changed dynamically with time and the most dramatic development period was between 3rd and 5th day after birth.The intestinal flora diversity of cesarean section newborns was lower than that of vaginal delivery babies in the early period after birth.Breastfeeding diversity was lower than non-breastfeeding.Pre-term infants had low intestinal flora diversity and delayed colonization.

关 键 词：新生儿 早产儿 肠道菌群 聚合酶链式反应变性梯度凝胶电泳 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]