阴山北麓农牧交错区农田土壤重金属分布特征  

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Soil Heavy Metals Pollution in the Agro-pastoral Ecotone of Northern Yinshan Mountain

作　　者：张德健[1,2,3] 姜平平 智颖飙 华宇鹏 路战远[6] 张荷亮[7] 程玉臣 吕凯 ZHANG De-jian;JIANG Ping-ping;ZHI Ying-biao;HUA Yu-peng;LU Zhan-yuan;ZHANG He-liang;CHENG Yu-chen;LV Kai(College of Life Science,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,China;Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology,Ministry of Education,Hohhot 010070,China;State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock,Hohhot 010070,China;College of Ecology and Environment,Inner Mongolia university,Hohhot 010021,China;Ordos College of Inner Mongolia University,Ordos 017000,China;Inner Mongolia Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Academy,Hohhot 010031,China;Security Department,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,呼和浩特010021 [2]牧草与特色作物生物技术教育部重点实验室,呼和浩特010070 [3]省部共建草原家畜生殖调控与繁育国家重点实验室,呼和浩特010070 [4]内蒙古大学生态与环境学院,呼和浩特010021 [5]内蒙古大学鄂尔多斯学院,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000 [6]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,呼和浩特010031 [7]内蒙古大学保卫处,呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《内蒙古大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第3期287-296,共10页Journal of Inner Mongolia University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(NK2016ZD1024、zdzx2018017);内蒙古科技计划项目(20170210);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30160020)资助。

摘　　要：农牧交错区农田土壤生态环境状况已成为污染生态学和环境地球化学领域研究的热点问题之一。为了廓清农田土壤重金属分布与富集状况,应用原子荧光光度计和原子吸收分光光度计,对阴山北麓农牧交错区武川县和四子王旗农田土壤中Cr、Cd、As、Hg、Pb、Cu、Zn和Ni八种重金属含量进行了测定,采用单因子指数法、内梅罗综合指数法和地积累指数法对污染状况进行评价,采用Inverse Distance Weighted法,分析土壤重金属的空间分布。结果表明:(1)研究区土壤重金属均存在污染,除Hg外,其它重金属均处于污染水平;(2)按单因子污染指数平均值依次排序Cd>Ni>As>Cu>Zn>Cr>Pb>Hg,内梅罗综合污染指数评价研究区整体为中度污染;(3)农田土壤重金属Cd呈偏态分布,在土壤中存在明显的富集现象,推断与农业活动采用污水灌溉有关;(4)重金属污染主要集中于武川县中东部和四子王旗南部。其中重金属Hg具有单独来源,主要与灌溉和农业生产资料投入与施用相关。Cr、Pb、Zn、Ni污染具有相同的来源,As和Cu具有很强的同源性。该结果以期为我国北方农牧交错区干旱半干旱生态脆弱区农田土壤重金属的生物修复与综合治理提供案例借鉴。The ecological status of farmland soil in agro-pastoral ecotone of China has become one of the most important issues in environmental biology.In current study,the heavy metals chromium(Cr),cadmium(Cd),arsenic(As),mercury(Hg),plumbum(Pb),cuprum(Cu),zinc(Zn)and nickel(Ni)in the farmland soil of Wuchuan and Siziwangqi,which locate in the northern Yinshan Mountain were measured by atomic fluorescence photometer and atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Three methods,including single factor index method,Nemerow index and geoaccumulation index,were used to evaluate the pollution situation.The results were as follows.(1)The study areas had serious heavy metal pollution.All the other seven heavy metals were at pollution level except Hg.(2)According to the average value of single factor pollution index,the pollution ranking result was Cd>Ni>As>Cu>Zn>Cr>Pb>Hg.The Nemerow index indicated that the study area had medium pollution.(3)The most serious heavy mental pollution in the study areas was Cd,which had an obviously enrichment in soil.(4)Heavy metals pollution areas mainly located in the east of Wuchuan and the south of Siziwang.(5)Hg had a separate source,while Cr,Pb,Zn and Ni were likely to have the same source.As and Cu had strong homology.These results provided a case study for the restoration and management of farmland soil in arid and semi-arid agro-pastoral ecotone in northern China.

关 键 词：农田土壤 重金属 污染指数 农牧交错区 阴山北麓 

分 类 号：Q142.3[生物学—生态学]