利用浮标站观测资料分析台风“贝碧嘉”过境时风浪变化特征  

Characteristics of Wind and Wave Changes in Transit of Typhoon Bebinca Using Buoy Station Observation Data

作　　者：苏志 何如[1,2] 陶伟 周绍毅[1,2] 罗红磊[1,2] SU Zhi;HE Ru-;TAO Wei;ZHOU Shaoyi;LUO Honglei(Guangxi Meteorological Service Centre,Nanning 530022;Guangxi Climate Centre,Nanning 530022;Guangxi Meteorological Technology Equipment Centre,Nanning 530022)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区气象服务中心,南宁530022 [2]广西壮族自治区气候中心,南宁530022 [3]广西壮族自治区气象技术装备中心,南宁530022

出　　处：《气象科技》2020年第3期415-420,共6页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2015GXNSFBA139189);广西区气象局气象科研面上项目(桂气科2019M09)共同资助。

摘　　要：利用北部湾海域一个大型气象浮标站获取的台风"贝碧嘉"过程实测数据,分析了该台风过境时风浪变化特征。分析结果表明:台风的风速时程变化曲线呈"M"形双峰分布,台风眼壁区风速最大,前眼壁区风速大于后眼壁区,前眼壁区和后眼壁区最大风速分别为22.6m/s和20.8m/s;台风眼区气压和风速最小,波高和波周期最大,其中眼区最大风速为2.7m/s,最大波高为5.4m,最大波周期为5.5s;波高最大值出现时间滞后风速最大值40min;台风眼区以外的波高与风速正相关;在台风从浮标站南侧经过期间,风向和波向均沿着顺时针方向旋转,其中风向和波向10min最大旋转角度分别为50°和150°;风向与波向不在同一个方向,两者之间的夹角平均为171°。Based on the observed data of Typhoon Bebinca from a large meteorological buoy station in the Beibu Gulf,the variation characteristics of wind waves during the transit of the typhoon are analyzed.The results indicate:The time history curve of typhoon wind speed shows a double peak distribution,and the wind speed in the eyewall area of the typhoon was the largest.The wind speeds in the front eyewall area was greater than that in the back eyewall area.The maximum wind speeds in the front eyewall and the back eyewall were 22.6 m/s and 20.8 m/s,respectively.Typhoon eye area had the smallest pressure and wind speed,the largest wave height and wave period.The maximum wind speed in the eye area was 2.7 m/s,the maximum wave height was 5.4 m and the maximum wave period was 5.5 s.The maximum of wave height lagged behind the maximum of wind speed,and the lag time was about 40 minutes.The wave heights outside the eye area of typhoon were positively correlated with wind speed.During the period of typhoon influence when it was through the south of the meteorological buoy station,both wind direction and wave direction rotated clockwise,and wind direction and wave direction 10-minute maximum rotated 50°and 150°,respectively.The wind and wave were not in the same direction,and the average angle between them was 171°.

关 键 词：台风 台风眼区 台风眼壁区 风浪特征 浮标站 

分 类 号：P447[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]