风-赋、比、兴:作为华夏诗歌创作与审美思维的原理模型何以可能?——基于思维现象学的汉语音法、字法词源学的考察  

Feng-Fu,Bi,Xing:How is it Possible to be the Principle Model of Chinese Poetry Creation and Aesthetic Thinking?:An Etymological Study of Chinese Phonetics and Words Based on Thinking Phenomenology

作　　者：马正平[1] MA Zheng-ping(Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610066,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学文学院,四川成都610066

出　　处：《徐州工程学院学报（社会科学版）》2020年第3期63-79,共17页Journal of Xuzhou Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金哲学课题西部项目“直观与折射:时空美学基本原理初探”(08XZX017)。

摘　　要：两千多年来历代学者普遍认为,作为华夏诗学开山纲领的诗歌创作理论"六诗"或"六义",风、雅、颂是"三体"(体裁),赋、比、兴、是"三用"(方法)。根据新现代后批判"非构思写作学"和"时空美学"基本原理,我们感到,对"六诗"或"六义"传统经典理解很可能是一种误读。一方面,"风"作为诗歌之美的象征性命名,包含"雅"与"颂",它是诗歌内容题材的三种风格。另一方面,赋、比、兴的真正含义很可能是指诗歌创作中所产生的美的表达章法思维(赋、比)和言语修辞思维(兴)的基本原理模型。这既是艺术创作原理模型,也是艺术审美原理模型。这种猜想有可能颠覆了学术界关于"风"和"比""兴"的传统理解和阐释,其意义在于,揭示了中华传统文化在2000多年前不仅最早揭示了诗歌、艺术的形象思维的基本原理,也最早揭示了审美思维过程的基本原理模型。如果此猜想能够成立,可能首次建构起新现代后批判主义的"实践哲学"的基本原理。文章采用中西音法、字法词源学的思维现象学方法对上述观点的基本内涵进行了一种可能性的论证。Over the past two thousand years,scholars of all generations generally believed that the poetic creation theory,"Six Shi"or"Six Yi"which is the foundation of Chinese poetics,is characterized by"three genres"-Feng,Ya,Song and"three methods"-Fu,Bi,Xing.According to the basic principles of post-modern criticism of"non-conception writing"and"space-time aesthetics",we feel that the traditional classical understanding of"Six Shi"or"Six Yi"is probably a misreading.On the one hand,"Feng",as a symbolic name for the beauty of poetry,includes"Ya"and"Song",and it has three styles of poetry content and theme.On the other hand,the true meaning of Fu,Bi and Xing probably refers to the beauty("Feng")produced in poetry creation and the basic principle model of the structural thinking(Fu,Bi)and rhetoric thinking(Xing)expressed in the beauty of this poem.This is not only a model of artistic creation principle,but also a model of aesthetic principle.The conjecture in this article especially subverts the traditional understanding and interpretation of"Feng"and"Bi"and"Xing",which reveals the basic principle model of the aesthetic thinking process as well as the image thinking of poetry and art in Chinese traditional culture more than 2,000 years ago.If this conjecture can be established,the basic principles of"practical philosophy"of neo-modern post-criticism may be constructed for the first time.This article uses the thinking phenomenology method of Chinese and Western phonetics and lexical etymology to make a possible demonstration of the basic connotation of the above views.

关 键 词：六诗 六义 风赋比兴 赋性思维 形象思维 非形式逻辑思维 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]