宁夏宁杞1号花期霜冻过冷却实验研究  

Experimental Study on Frost and Supercooling of Ningqi No.1 in Ningxia

作　　者：段晓凤 李红英[2,3] 卫建国[2,4] 郭晓雷 刘静[2,3] Duan Xiaofeng;Li Hongying;Wei Jianguo;Guo Xiaolei;Liu Jing(Inner Mongolia Ecological and Agricultural Meteorological Center,Hohhot 010015,China;Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture in Arid Regions,Yinchuan 750002,China;Ningxia Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China;Ningxia Meteorolongical Information Center,Yinchuan 750002,China;Yinchuan Meteorological Bureau,Yinchuan 750002,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古生态与农业气象中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010051 [2]中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室,宁夏银川750002 [3]宁夏气象科学研究所,宁夏银川750002 [4]宁夏气象信息中心,宁夏银川750002 [5]银川市气象局,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《宁夏大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第2期186-190,共5页Journal of Ningxia University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41565007);宁夏枸杞主栽品种花蕾期霜冻指标研究基金资助项目。

摘　　要：以宁夏枸杞主栽品种宁杞1号为研究对象,通过人工霜冻模拟箱进行过冷却实验,分花蕾期、初花期、盛花期等不同阶段分析其过冷却点和结冰点温度,并统计不同低温范围的分布比例,计算分析达到过冷却点所需的时间.结果表明,花蕾期、初花期、盛花期的过冷却点分别为-9^-3.8℃,-8.8^-4.0℃,-8.5^-3.4℃,结冰点分别为-6.9^-3.1℃,-5.7^-2.9℃,-5.4^-2.5℃,花蕾期比初花和盛花期的过冷却点分别平均低0.2,0.7℃,结冰点分别低0.5,1.3℃.花蕾期、初花期、盛花期的过冷却点频率分布不同,但分布趋势均呈单峰曲线状,趋势峰值分别出现在-8^-7℃,-7^-6℃,-6^-5℃.各花期达到过冷却点的平均时间分别为5.1,4.6,4.5 h.花蕾期、初花期、盛花期的结冰点和过冷却点呈逐渐升高的趋势,初花和盛花期的"跃升值"接近,均大于花蕾期;随着发育进程的推进,达到过冷却点的时间呈逐渐减小的趋势,且花器官的抗冻性逐渐减弱.Taking Ningqi No.1,the main cultivar of Ningxia wolfberry,as the research object,the article carried out the supercooling experiment by artificial frost simulation box,analyzed its temperature for supercooling point and freezing point during the stages of bud,initial bloom and full bloom,counted the distribution proportion of different low temperature range,and calculated and analyzed the time needed to reach supercooling point.The results showed that the supercooling points of bud stage,initial flowering stage and full flowering stage were-9 to-3.8℃,-8.8 to-4.0℃,and-8.5 to-3.4℃respectively,and their freezing points were-6.9 to-3.1℃,and-5.7 to-2.9℃,and-5.4 to-2.5℃respectively.The supercooling point of bud stage was averagely 0.2,0.7℃lower than that of primary stage and full stage,and its the freezing point was 0.5,1.3℃lower respectively.The frequency distribution of supercooling point was different in bud stage,early flowering stage and full flowering stage,but the distribution trend appeared single peak curve.The trend peaks are-8 to-7℃,-7 to-6℃,and-6 to-5℃respectively.The average time for each stage to reach the supercooling point was 5.1,4.6 and 4.5 hours respectively.The freezing point and supercooling point in bud stage,early flowering stage and full flowering stage increased gradually,and the“leap appreciation”of early flowering was close to that of full flowering stage,either of them was greater than that of bud stage.With the development process,the time to reach the supercooling point decreased gradually,and the frost resistance of flower organs decreased gradually.

关 键 词：宁杞1号 霜冻 过冷却实验 需冷量 

分 类 号：P458[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]