以分形维数测算分析故宫空间序列的视觉信息量  

Calculating and Analysing the Visual Information of the Spatial Sequence along the Central Axis of the Forbidden City Based on Fractal Dimension

作　　者：马兰 张华[1,3] Ma Lan;Zhang Hua(School of Arch lecture,Tianjin University(Tianjin 300072))

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院,天津300072 [2]苏黎世联邦理工大学 [3]天津大学设计院

出　　处：《建筑遗产》2020年第1期71-78,共8页Heritage Architecture

摘　　要：文章以故宫中轴线(大清门至神武门)的空间序列作为研究对象,基于图像的分形盒维数算法,以360°全方位视角测算其各庭院广场空间及重要节点的视觉信息量,并结合中国传统古建筑布局特征分析了测算结果所呈现的视觉信息量分布、空间序列节奏与视觉导向.通过这项研究表明,分形维数的测算可以作为一种量化工具去探索建筑空间的视觉特征,对以故宫为代表的中国传统建筑群的空间认知类研究工作有一定的帮助.This article takes the spatial sequence along the central axis of the Forbidden City(from Daqing Gate to Shenwu Gate)as the research subject.Based on the box-counting method of image's fractal dimension,the amount of visual information in the spaces of the courtyards and their joints is computed from the 360°-orientated perspective.The results,which include the distribution of visual information,the rhythm of the spatial sequence and the spatial visual orientation,are analysed according to the distribution characteristics in the layout of traditional Chinese buildings.This study shows that the measurement of fractal dimension can be used as a quantitative tool to explore the visual characteristics of architectural spaces,which would be helpful to spatial cognition research on traditional Chinese architectural complexes such as the Forbidden City.

关 键 词：分形维数 故宫 视觉信息量 计算机辅助 机器学习 

分 类 号：K928.711[历史地理—人文地理学] TU12[建筑科学—建筑理论]