抛石防冲槽消能特性试验研究  

Experimental Study on Energy Dissipation Characteristics of Riprap Anti-scour Trench

作　　者：李江峰 李娟 尹辉 买买提江·买斯德克 玉山江·坎吉 LI Jiangfeng;LI Juan;YIN Hui;MAIMAITIJIANG·Maisideke;YUSHANJIANG·Kanji(Xinjiang Research Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydropower,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830049,China;Xinjiang Agricultural University,Kuche,Xinjiang 842000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆水利水电科学研究院,新疆乌鲁木齐830049 [2]新疆阿克苏地区渭干河流域管理局,新疆库车842000

出　　处：《水利与建筑工程学报》2020年第3期124-129,167,共7页Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering

摘　　要：新疆山溪性河流引水渠首多修建了抛石防冲槽的消能结构,为了研究其消能特性,建立了标准断面模型,通过施放不同流量、不同输沙水流和不同抛石粒径的试验方法开展研究,测试出抛石防冲槽在水跃位置、流速消减以及能量消减等方面的试验数据,得出:在抛石粒径相同、同类型河砂条件下,跃后断面位置与流量之间存在正相关关系,该结构可大大缩短消能建筑物长度达1/3强,顺水流向的消能长度最大增加2倍有余;来砂条件是防冲槽消能特性的影响因素之一,河流输沙率与防冲槽消能率也存在正相关关系;在本试验各种工况下,反映出这类抛石防冲槽结构消减能量的优越性,抛石粒径为30cm时,流速消减率总体呈现较大,消能率也最大,30cm抛石粒径较优等基本结论。Streams of Xinjiang river diversion channels often adopt riprap anti-scour trench energy dissipation structure.In order to analyze the energy dissipation characteristics,a standard section model is established in this paper,different flow rates,casting sand flow and different riprap particle size test was carried out to test the ripped-rock notching prevention in hydraulic jump cut position,velocity and energy reduction of test data.The results are as follows.Under the condition of river sand,when the ripped-rock particle size is the same,after the jump section that there was a positive correlation between the position and flow.This structure can greatly reduce the length of energy dissipation structures of 1/3,which is more than twice the length of the energy dissipation of the biggest increase;Sand inflow condition is one of the factors affecting the energy dissipation characteristics of the anti-punching trough.Under various working conditions in this experiment,the advantages of energy reduction of this type of riprap anti-erosion groove structure are reflected.When the riprap particle size is 30 cm,the overall reduction rate of flow velocity is larger,and the energy dissipation rate is also the largest which means this riprap particle size is more appropriate.

关 键 词：抛石 防冲槽 能量消减 特性 

分 类 号：TV653[水利工程—水利水电工程]