磁性纳米材料的生物医学应用  

Magnetic nanomaterials and their application in biomedicine

作　　者：陈小勇 刘晓丽 樊海明 CHEN Xiao-Yong;LIU Xiao-Li;FAN Hai-Ming(Division of Life Science and Medicine,College of Chemistry and Materials Science,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学化学与材料科学学院生命与医学学部,西安710127

出　　处：《物理》2020年第6期381-389,共9页Physics

摘　　要：自本世纪初科学家实现高单分散纳米氧化铁的可控制备以来,基于高生物学安全性的纳米氧化铁或者掺杂纳米铁氧体磁性材料的生物医学应用研究出现了爆发式增长,成为目前纳米生物学和纳米医学领域前沿热点之一,特别是其独特的磁学性质,使得磁性纳米材料能够介导外磁场产生纳米尺度的物理效应,并作用于微纳尺度的生物靶点。通过多学科交叉研究,有望建立基于磁性纳米材料的可控、组织可穿透、安全和精准的疾病诊断和治疗新模式,提高疾病的治疗疗效并改善预后。文章综述了近年来氧化铁颗粒在生物医学应用中的一些最新进展,主要集中讨论了磁性纳米材料在新型磁共振成像对比剂、肿瘤磁热治疗和磁力生物调控等应用方向的机遇与发展。Since the successful synthesis of highly monodispersed iron oxide nanoparticles at the beginning of this century,the biomedical application of these nanoparticles has undergone an explosive growth,becoming the frontier in nanobiology and nanomedicine.In particular,due to their unique properties,magnetic nanoparticles can mediate an external magnetic field and produce physical effects such as induction heat and mechanical force that can further act upon the biotargets on the micro/nano scale.Hence,by using an interdisciplinary approach,novel magnetic nanoparticle based therapeutic modalities that are controllable,safe and accurate are anticipated for disease diagnosis and therapy,so that the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of diseases can be improved.In this review,the advances in biomedical application of iron oxide nanomaterials in the past five years will be surveyed,and the opportunities and development of these nanomaterials for magnetic resonance imaging,magnetic thermotherapy and biomechanical regulation will be discussed.

关 键 词：磁性纳米材料 磁共振成像 纳米磁力生物调控 磁感应热 

分 类 号：R318.08[医药卫生—生物医学工程] TB383.1[医药卫生—基础医学]