基于交通网络的乡村中小学优化布局  

Optimization of Rural Primary and Secondary School Location based on Traffic Network

作　　者：陈玉龙 赖志柱 王铮[2,3] CHEN Yulong;LAI Zhizhu;WANG Zheng(Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development&Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization of Henan Province,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,China;College of Environment and Planning,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,China;Key Laboratory of Geographical Information Science,Ministry of Education of China,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心暨黄河文明传承与现代文明建设河南省协同创新中心,开封475001 [2]河南大学环境与规划学院,开封475004 [3]华东师范大学地理信息科学教育部重点实验室,上海200241

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2020年第5期1120-1132,共13页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41671396)。

摘　　要：合理规划中小学布局是优化教育资源配置、提高办学效益以及实现教育均衡发展的重要途径。本研究针对中国乡村建设的需要和中国多山的地理环境,考虑山地环境对乡村中小学选址的影响,构建多山环境下乡村中小学的区位模型,运用地理信息科学方法,以Visual Studio. Net 2010为开发平台,使用C#语言和ArcGIS Engine 10.0组件库,同时结合MATLAB编程,开发出基于交通网络的乡村中小学区位优化系统。最后将系统应用于贵州省某镇的小学布局优化中,分别在只考虑已有道路、假设道路可升级、假设道路可新建或升级3种情景下,通过改进的模拟退火算法,确定新建学校的最佳位置,以及新道路的修建和原有道路的升级情况,从而得到不同情景下各居民点学生的上学耗时。结果表明,交通网络对乡村中小学布局优化具有重要影响,改善交通网络条件能够有效提高学生的就学效率上学速度。The rational planning of school location is an important way to optimize the allocation of educational resources,improve the efficiency of school running and realize the balanced development of education.The accessibility must be considered in optimizing the location of rural schools,which is an important difference from the location of urban schools.Many scholars have studied the location problem of rural schools,but most of them have neglected the impact of transportation network conditions on the location of schools.On the basis of previous studies,this study will consider the impact of traffic network on the optimization location of primary schools in mountainous environment.The object of this study is to minimize the total transportation costs for students,construction costs for new schools,construction and upgrade costs for roads on a traffic network.We regard a set of villages as demand nodes exists in a geographical region,a set of roads as transfer links.The road links in the network contain existing and new potential road links.A set of schools exists in the region and it is clearly desired to locate a set of new schools,to construct new road links,to improve the existing road links such that the total investment costs(including the travel costs for students,construction costs for school facilities,construction and upgrading costs for roads)are minimized.Thus,a multi-objective optimization model for this problem is proposed.The multi-objective facility location-network design model constructed in this paper is an extension of FLNDP problem,and also belongs to NP-hard problem.In order to facilitate the model application,this study use geographic information science method,take Visual Studio.Net 2010 as the development platform,use C#language,MATLAB language and ArcGIS Engine 10 component library to develop a location optimization system of rural primary and secondary school based on transportation network.Finally,the system is applied to the optimization of the primary school location of a town in Guizho

关 键 词：乡村中小学 交通网络 学校布局 区位优化 山区 多目标设施区位-网络设计模型 模拟退火算法 贵州省 

分 类 号：TU982.29[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]