氮磷添加对长白山温带森林土壤微生物群落组成和氨基糖的影响  

Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus addition on soil microbial community and amino sugar in a temperate forest on Changbai Mountain,Northeast China

作　　者：杨静怡 王旭 孙立飞 王超[1] 白娥[1,3] YANG Jing-yi;WANG Xu;SUN Li-fei;WANG Chao;BAI E(Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management,Insti-tute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;University of Chi-nese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Geo-graphical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains,School of Geographical Sciences,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林生态与管理重点实验室,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]东北师范大学地理科学学院长白山地理过程与生态安全教育部重点实验室,长春130024

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2020年第6期1948-1956,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41601255);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2018213)资助。

摘　　要：在长白山阔叶红松林中设置氮添加(N,50 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1)、磷添加(P,25 kg P·hm^-2·a^-1)和氮磷添加(NP,50 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1+25 kg P·hm^-2·a^-1)试验,分析氮磷添加对有机层和矿质层土壤微生物群落组成和氨基糖的影响。结果表明:在有机层土壤中,N、P添加使总微生物生物量显著降低19.5%和24.6%,P添加还使细菌和真菌生物量分别显著降低23.8%和19.3%;在矿质层土壤中,N、P和NP添加使总微生物生物量显著增加94.8%、230.9%和115.0%,细菌和真菌生物量在施肥处理下显著增加。N添加下有机层土壤真菌与细菌生物量比值(F/B)显著增大,而NP添加使矿质层土壤F/B显著减小。革兰氏阳性菌与革兰氏阴性菌比对N、P和NP添加有显著正响应。土壤氨基糖对不同处理的响应不同。在有机层土壤中,N、P和NP添加使氨基葡萄糖含量分别减少41.3%、48.8%和36.4%,而N和NP添加分别使胞壁酸含量显著增加43.0%和71.1%;在矿质层土壤中,氨基葡萄糖和胞壁酸含量在N添加下无显著变化,而在P和NP添加下显著增加。在施肥处理下,有机层土壤中氨基葡萄糖与胞壁酸比值显著减小,表明N、P添加增加了细菌对土壤有机碳积累的相对贡献。N、P添加后土壤氨基糖含量的变化与微生物群落组成的变化密切相关,且二者均受到土壤化学性质变化的影响。We carried out an experiment including nitrogen addition(N,50 kg N·hm-2·a-1),phosphorus addition(P,25 kg P·hm-2·a-1)and both nitrogen and phosphorus addition(NP,50 kg N·hm-2·a-1+25 kg P·hm-2·a-1)in a natural Korean pine broad-leaved mixed forest on Changbai Mountain to examine the effects of single and combined N and P additions on soil microbial community composition and amino sugar.The results showed that N and P addition significantly reduced total microbial biomass by 19.5%and 24.6%in the organic layer of soil,while P addition significantly reduced the biomass of bacteria and fungi by 23.8%and 19.3%,respectively.In the mineral layer,N,P and NP addition significantly increased total microbial biomass by 94.8%,230.9%,and 115.0%respectively,while the biomass of bacteria and fungi were significantly increased under all the treatments.The fungi to bacteria ratio(F/B)was significantly increased in the organic layer by N addition,while was decreased in the mineral layer soil by NP addition.The Gram-positive bacteria to Gram-negative bacteria ratio showed positive response to N,P and NP addition.Soil amino sugars responded differently to different treatments.N,P and NP addition significantly decreased glucosamine content by 41.3%,48.8%and 36.4%in the organic layer,while N and NP addition increased muramic acid content by 43.0%and 71.1%,respectively.The contents of glucosamine and muramic acid in the mineral layer did not change significantly in response to N addition but increased significantly in response to both P addition and NP addition.The glucosamine to muramic acid ratio in the organic layer significantly decreased under fertilization treatments,indicating that N and P addition increased the relative contribution of bacteria to soil organic carbon accumulation.The changes in soil amino sugar contents were closely related to the change in microbial community composition after N and P addition,both of which were affected by changes in soil chemical properties.

关 键 词：氮添加 磷添加 温带森林 微生物群落 氨基糖 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]