复合微生物菌剂在长毛对虾标苗养殖过程中的应用研究  

Application of Complex Microbial Preparations in Penaeus penicillatus Breeding

作　　者：谢芝玲 徐佳莹 潘登 刘峰[2] 陈燕[2] 杨焕胜 印遇龙 夏立秋[1] 张友明 涂强[2] XIE Zhiling;XU Jiaying;PAN Deng;LIU Feng;CHEN Yan;YANG Huansheng;YIN Yulong;XIA Liqiu;ZHANG Youming;TU Qiang(College of Life Science,Hunan Normal University,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology,State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish,Changsha 410081,China;Helmholtz International Laboratory of Anti-Infection,Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology,Qingdao 266237,China;Shandong Yian Biological Engineering Co.Ltd.,Jinan 250100,China;Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central,Ministry of Agriculture,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学生命科学学院,微生物分子生物学湖南省重点实验室,淡水鱼类发育生物学国家重点实验室,长沙410081 [2]亥姆霍兹抗感染国际实验室,山东大学亥姆霍兹生物技术研究所,微生物技术国家重点实验室,青岛266237 [3]山东亿安生物工程有限公司,济南250100 [4]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术国家工程实验室,亚热带地区农业生态过程重点实验室,湖南省健康畜禽工程研究中心,农业部中南部动物营养与饲料科学科学观测站,长沙410125

出　　处：《激光生物学报》2020年第3期225-230,236,共7页Acta Laser Biology Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31670097);高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(B16030);湖南省重大研究计划项目(2017NY0103);山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)项目(2019QYTPY002,2019JZZY010724);济南市农业应用技术创新计划项目(201804)。

摘　　要：复合微生物菌剂是一类有效的生物防治剂,在农业和水产养殖业中都起着重要的作用。本研究以长毛对虾(Penaeus penicillatus)标苗为试验对象,共分为4个组别,组1投喂无微生物菌剂添加的饲料作为对照组,组2、组3和组4为试验组,投喂有复合微生物菌剂添加的饲料,其中微生物菌剂分别占饲料质量的1.0%、1.5%和2.0%。每个组进行33 d的养殖,测定养殖期间对虾生长性能、养殖水池底泥和水质相关性质,探讨微生物菌剂对对虾生长的影响。结果显示:试验前对照组与3个试验组的体重无显著差异(P>0.050),试验后各试验组的体重均高于对照组(P<0.050),其中组4体重达(0.60±0.03)g,表明微生物菌剂的使用促进了对虾标苗的生长;水体弧菌个数在试验不同时间之间有显著差异(P=0.000),对照组呈上升趋势,第30天时未添加微生物菌剂的对照组弧菌数目最高,表明微生物菌剂能控制水体有害菌的生长;水体中的溶解氧(DO)含量在养殖不同时间之间均具有显著差异(F=191.959,P=0.000),NH4-N、NO2-N和NO3-N的含量均是如此,F值分别为250.633、659.806和1937.649,P值均为0.000,从养殖第10天开始,试验组DO含量均高于对照组,而试验组的NH4-N、NO2-N和NO3-N含量均低于对照组。综上所述,复合微生物菌剂对对虾有明显地促生长作用,并且还能在一定程度上净化养殖环境。Complex microbial preparations are a class of effective biological control agents that play an important role in agriculture and aquaculture.In this study,the Penaeus penicillatus was used as the test object.Four microbial preparation treatments were arranged(Group 1~4)with the microbial agents accounted for 0.0%,1.0%,1.5%and 2.0%of feed quality,respectively.Group 1 was set to be the control without any microbial preparations insertion.The whole experiment lasted 33 days.To investigate the effect of microbial agents on the growth of prawn,several data had been measured,such as the growth performance of prawn,the properties of the bottom mud and water quality.The results showed that there were no significant differences in the body weight of the four groups before experiment(P>0.050).After the experiment,the body weight of each experimental group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.050).Above all,the body weight of group 4 was(0.60±0.03)g,indicating that the use of complex microbial preparations promoted the growth of prawn.Meanwhile,there were also significant differences in the number of Vibrios in water between different times of the experiment(P=0.000).The number of Vibrios in the control group displayed an upward trend.On the 30th day,the number of Vibrios in the control group without microbial agents was the highest,indicating that microbial agents could control the growth of harmful bacteria in aquaculture water environment.The DO value in the water was significantly different in different culture time(F=191.959,P=0.000).The content of NH 4-N、NO 2-N and NO 3-N was similar to the above.The F value was 250.633,659.806 and 1937.649,respectively,whereas P value was 0.000.After the 10th day of culture,the DO content in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group,whereas the NH 4-N,NO 2-N and NO 3-N value in the experimental group were lower than that in the control group.In summary,the compound microbial bacteria agent can obviously promote the growth of prawn and purify the bre

关 键 词：复合微生物菌剂 对虾养殖 生长性能 水体改良 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]