青藏高原东缘峨眉山地区冬季地表能量交换特征研究  

Characteristics of Surface Energy Exchange in Emei Mountain Area on the Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Winter

作　　者：吕钊 李茂善 刘啸然 阴蜀城 宋兴宇 伏薇 王灵芝 舒磊 Lü Zhao;LI Maoshan;LIU Xiaoran;YIN Shucheng;SONG Xingyu;FU Wei;WANG Lingzhi;SHU Lei(School of Atmospheric Sciences/Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/Joint Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,Sichuan,China;Climate center of Inner Mongolia autonomous region,Hohhot 010000,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院/高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室/气候与环境变化联合实验室,四川成都610225 [2]内蒙古自治区气候中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010000

出　　处：《高原气象》2020年第3期445-458,共14页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：第二次青藏高原科学考察项目(2019QZKK0103);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1505702);国家自然科学基金项目(41675106);成都信息工程大学科研基金项目(KYTZ201721)。

摘　　要：利用青藏高原东缘峨眉山站2018年11月至2019年2月的观测数据,分析了峨眉山地区近地层气象要素的变化特征,并运用涡动相关法、土壤温度预报校正法(TDEC)和最小二乘法等,讨论了地表能量交换特征,并与藏东南丹卡站和排龙站进行对比分析。结果表明:在峨眉山地区冬季感热通量占主导。地表辐射各分量日变化均呈单峰结构,短波辐射的峰值在峨眉山地区于13:00(北京时,下同)左右出现,而长波辐射到达峰值的时间段要晚于短波辐射,在14:00左右出现。地表反照率月变化明显,日变化呈“U”型,即日出后和日落前较大,日间较小的趋势,但在日出后和日落前的值并不相等。峨眉山站冬季地表反照率均值为0.29。峨眉山区域地表能量不闭合现象十分显著,日间和夜间的能量闭合程度差异很大。在考虑地表0~5 cm处的热量储存的条件下,白天闭合程度最好为67.22%,夜间闭合程度最差为65.09%。与藏东南丹卡站和排龙站对比分析表明:丹卡、排龙站地表辐射各分量达日峰值时间晚于峨眉山站。峨眉山站冬季的地表反照率高于丹卡、排龙站,月变化更加显著。峨眉山属于青藏高原东缘地区,其地表能量闭合程度大于青藏高原上部分站点。This study analyzed the annual variation characteristics of the meteorological elements of the near sur‐face data in the Emei Mountain area,the eastern margin of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.Its surface energy exchange were discussed by using eddy covariance,temperature prediction-correction(TDEC)and ordinary least square method.Also we compared the results of Emei site with that of Danka and Pailong Station,which located in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau.Sensible heat flux is the dominator of the land surface energy balance at Emei Mountain area in winter.The each component of surface radiation have a single peak in its diurnal variation.The peak value of shortwave radiation in Emei Mountain area appears around at 13:00(Beijing Time,the same as af‐ter),while the long wave radiation reaches its peak value at about 14:00,one hour later than that of shortwave radiation.The monthly variation of surface albedo is evident,and its diurnal variation appears to be"U"shape.The value after sunrise and before sunset has a constant variation,which is smaller than other times.The albedo values after sunrise are not equal to that before sunset.The monthly average of surface albedo is 0.29.The phe‐nomenon of non-closure-energy in Emei Mountain area is very obvious,and the energy closure has a notable dif‐ference between day and night time.Taking into account of the heat storage in the 0~5 cm soil layer,the best closing degree for daytime is 67.22%and nighttime is 65.09%.Comparative analysis with Danka Station and Pailong Station in southeastern Tibet shows that:The daily peak value of surface radiation at Pailong and Danka Station is later than that that at Emei Mountain Station.The surface albedo of Emei Mountain Station is higher than that of Danka and Pailong Station.The monthly variation of albedo at Emei Station is more significant than other two Tibetan sites.Emei Mountain site locates on the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.The sur‐face energy is greater than some of the sites on Qinghai-Tibetan Plate

关 键 词：峨眉山地区 涡动相关法 TDEC 地表能量交换 能量平衡 

分 类 号：P422.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]