单针藻细胞超微结构及生物酶油脂萃取研究  

RESEARCH ON ULTRA-STRUCTURE OF MONORAPHIDIUM AND EXTRACTION OF LIPID THROUGH AQUEOUS ENZYMATIC PROCESS

作　　者：刘伟[1] 林伟国[1] 曾建立[1] 荣峻峰[1] Liu Wei;Lin Weiguo;Zeng Jianli;Rong Junfeng(SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油化工科学研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《石油炼制与化工》2020年第7期55-60,共6页Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals

摘　　要：利用生物酶法对单针藻的超微结构和油脂萃取进行了研究。结果表明,单针藻细胞壁主要由纤维素和半纤维素组成,壁厚约50 nm。采用碱处理-酶解-溶剂萃取法,纤维素酶酶解细胞壁可以在较低的温度下实现单针藻油脂的萃取,油脂收率大于13%,萃取率大于80%。萃取的油脂中脂肪酸主要由C16~C22组成,饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸质量分数之和达71.59%,不饱和度为97.20%,显示单针藻油脂可以作为生物柴油的原料。The morphology and ultra-structure of Monoraphidium were studied with the transmission electron microscope and the aqueous enzymatic method.The cell of the algae was quasi-ellipse smoothing surface without flagellum and the thickness of its cell wall was about 50 nm.The cell wall was mainly composed of cellulose and hemicelluloses.The extraction of lipid from the Monoraphidium through aqueous enzymatic process was investigated.The results showed that the combination of the alkaline pretreatment and the enzymatic treatment subsequently and then the dual solvent system extraction was the most effective process.Under the mild reaction conditions,the lipid yield of Monoraphidium with cellulose enzyme reached more than 13%with the extraction rate more than 80%.In addition,it was found that the content of saponifiable lipid extracted by n-hexane was higher than that by trichloromethane.The fatty acids,containing 71.59%of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid,with a lower degree of unsaturation of 97.20%and the main carbon number of C16—C22 was obtained from lipid in Monoraphidium,which could be used as feed to produce biodiesel.

关 键 词：单针藻 超微结构 油脂 萃取 生物酶 

分 类 号：TS2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]