金属玻璃微观结构与变形的关联性  

Correlation between microstructure and deformation of metallic glasses

作　　者：冯士东 王利民[1,2] 刘日平 FENG Shidong;WANG Limin;LIU Riping(State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066004,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066004,China)

机构地区：[1]燕山大学亚稳材料制备技术与科学国家重点实验室,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]燕山大学材料科学与工程学院,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《燕山大学学报》2020年第3期247-253,305,共8页Journal of Yanshan University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFA0703602);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51801174);河北省高等学校青年拔尖人才计划项目(BJ2018021)。

摘　　要：金属玻璃,又称非晶合金,它是将高温下熔化的液体金属以极快的速度冷却,使金属原子来不及结晶,得到的固态合金是长程无序结构,没有晶态合金的晶粒、晶界存在。由于特殊的微观结构,使其具有高强度、高断裂韧性、高弹性极限和优异的耐腐蚀和软磁性能。但这种特殊的结构也导致了金属玻璃室温下拉伸塑性差、难以进行机械加工等问题,制约着其工业化大规模的生产和应用推广。本文整理了我们研究金属玻璃微观结构异质性的相关工作,探讨金属玻璃变形的演化过程和机理。分析微观结构异质性对金属玻璃变形过程中的剪切带形核、扩展和相互作用的影响,明确剪切带形成过程的结构信息,从而有效地控制剪切带软化程度,加深对金属玻璃变形过程中的原子团簇演变以及影响变形主要因素的认识,提高金属玻璃室温塑性变形能力。Metallic glasses,referred to as amorphous alloys,prepared by rapid quenching of melts are featured by disordered atomic-scale structure,far different from crystalline alloys.Due to the special microstructure,metallic glasses possess high strength,high fracture toughness,high elastic limit and excellent corrosion resistance and soft magnetic properties.However,the microstructural heterogeneity causes problems such as poor plasticity at room temperature,restricting their industrial applications.This work reviews our recent studies on microstructural heterogeneity and deformation of metallic glasses.The effects of microstructural heterogeneity on the nucleation,propagation and interaction of shear bands are analyzed.The microstructural signals of shear bands during formation are effectively used to control the degree of softening of metallic glasses.The results help understand the evolution of atomic clusters during deformation as well as the plastic deformation behaviors of metallic glasses at room temperature.

关 键 词：金属玻璃 微观结构 形变 分子动力学模拟 

分 类 号：TB303[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]