抑霉菌泥炭藓/硅藻土复合调湿材料的研究  

Study on Mold-inhibiting Sphagnum/Diatomite Composite Humidity-controlling Materials

作　　者：胡明玉[1] 王红英 刘子航 胡裕倩 HU Mingyu;WANG Hongying;LIU Zihang;HU Yuqian(Key Laboratory for Ultra-low Energy Buildings of Jiangxi Province,School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;School of Civil Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学建筑工程学院,江西省超低能耗建筑重点实验室,南昌330031 [2]东南大学土木工程学院,南京211189

出　　处：《材料导报》2020年第14期14051-14056,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51362021);江西省水利厅科技项目(KT201331)。

摘　　要：在南方湿热地区,调湿材料极易因吸湿而长期处于高湿状态,故易产生霉菌污染。本研究通过培养皿试验研究了泥炭藓/硅藻土复合调湿材料及其各组分对室内主要霉菌(桔青霉、黄曲霉和黑曲霉)的抑制作用。根据对霉菌孢子分别经复合调湿材料和改性掺合料处理后的环境扫描电子显微镜(ESEM)和能谱仪(EDS)分析,对改性掺合料的X射线衍射(XRD)和EDS分析,对改性掺合料静置上清液的活性O2-和对霉菌孢子渗漏物中核酸的测定,探究了泥炭藓/硅藻土复合调湿材料的抑霉菌机理。研究表明,该泥炭藓/硅藻土复合调湿材料具有良好的抑霉菌性能;泥炭藓/硅藻土复合调湿材料的抑霉菌组分为改性掺合料中的MgO和C 2S,它们产生的活性O2-和氢氧根离子(OH-)作用于霉菌孢子,破坏霉菌的细胞结构,从而抑制或杀死霉菌。Humidity controlling materials used in humid and hot areas of the south are easily exposed to high humidity for a long time due to moisture absorption,so it is prone to breed mold.In this study,the mold-inhibiting properties of sphagnum/diatomite composite humidity-controlling materials and their components on dominant mold indoors(P.citrinum,Asp.flavus and Asp.niger)were studied by Petri dish experiment.The mold-inhibiting mechanism of sphagnum/diatomite composite humidity-controlling materials was explored according to the environmental scanning electron microscope(ESEM)and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS)analysis of Asp.niger spores treated with humidity-controlling materials and modified admixtures,the X-ray diffraction(XRD)and EDS analysis of modified admixtures as well as the determination of active O 2-in static supernatant of modified admixtures and nucleic acid in leakages from mold spore.The results show that the sphagnum/diatomite composite humidity-controlling materials have good mold-inhibiting properties.The MgO and C 2S in the modified admixture are the mold-inhibiting constituents of sphagnum/diatomite composite humidity-controlling materials for the active O 2-and hydroxide ion(OH-)produced by them could act on the spores of mold to inhibit or kill mold through destroying the cell structure.

关 键 词：调湿材料 改性掺合料 抑霉菌性 抑霉菌机理 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]