全日面太阳磁场望远镜精密温控系统研制  

Development of Precise Temperature Control System for Solar Magnetism and the Activity Telescope

作　　者：张鑫伟 林佳本[1,2] 邓元勇 Zhang Xinwei;Lin Jiaben;Deng Yuanyong(Key Laboratory of Solar Activity,National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院太阳活动重点实验室(国家天文台),北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《天文研究与技术》2020年第3期316-321,共6页Astronomical Research & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11427803,11427901)资助。

摘　　要：双折射滤光器是太阳观测中的重要设备,其中的双折射晶体的折射率对温度变化非常敏感,光学设计要求滤光器温度控制系统的稳定精度达到0.01℃以内,才能保证滤光器精确稳定地工作。太阳望远镜中双折射滤光器构型复杂,使用环境恶劣,其高精度温控一直是国际公认的核心技术。针对全日面太阳望远镜滤光器的温控问题,设计了基于积分分离PI加前馈的复合温控系统,实现了对滤光器的高精度恒温控制。系统使用24位AD实现高精度温度采集,采用数字滤波算法提高测温精确度;积分分离PI结合环境温度作为参数的前馈控制的复合控制方法,输出脉冲宽度调制(Pulse Width Modulation,PWM)控制策略,实现对滤光器高精度温控。相比原有的滤光器温控系统,本系统在保持原有温控精度的前提下,大大简化了系统设计。结果表明,当设定温度为42.216℃时,在实验室中,温控精度达到±0.001℃。该温控系统已经在怀柔观测基地投入使用,最大温度波动0.0075℃,控制效果准确稳定,获得大量高质量科学数据。Birefringent filters are the key optical components of solar telescopes.The birefringence of the refracted crystal in the filter is very sensitive to temperature changes.The stabilization accuracy must be better than 0.01℃to ensure that the filter operates stably and accurately.The high precision temperature control system of solar telescope has always been recognized as the core technology in the world,because of the complex structure of birefringent filter which is used outdoors.Temperature control system based on integral separation PI and feedforward is designed for the temperature control of the filter of Solar Magnetism and the Activity Telescope to achieve thermostatic control of the filter with High-Precision.High-Precision temperature acquisition is realized by using 24-bit AD and temperature measurement accuracy is improved by digital filtering algorithm.A compound control algorithm is designed by combining integral separated PI temperature control algorithm with a feedforward control that takes the ambient temperature as a parameter.Compared with the original filter temperature control system,this design greatly simplifies the system without loss of temperature control accuracy.As a result,PWM control strategy is output to achieve the secondary temperature control of the filter core and the insulation layer.The system had been tested for 72 hours in laboratory.When the temperature is set at 42.216℃,the accuracy of temperature control is better than 42.216+/-0.001℃.Since 2018,the system has been put into use at Huairou Solar Observing Station,and the maximum temperature fluctuation is 0.0075℃.The control system is accurate and stable,and a large number of high-quality scientific data are obtained.

关 键 词：温度控制 太阳望远镜 双折射滤光器 PID控制 前馈控制 

分 类 号：TH753.1[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]