熔盐电脱氧法制备金属及合金的研究进展  

Research Progress on FFC Molten Salt Electro-deoxidation

作　　者：贾雷 严红燕 李慧 刘畅 张帅 Jia Lei;Yan HongYan;Li Hui;Liu Chang;Zhang Shuai(Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Modern Metallurgy Technology,School of Metallurgy and Energy,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学冶金与能源学院现代冶金技术教育部重点实验室,河北唐山063009

出　　处：《矿产综合利用》2020年第3期69-77,共9页Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51674120、51874141);河北省自然科学基金资助项目(E2016209163,E2018209266);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(BJ2017050)。

摘　　要：熔盐电脱氧法具有能耗低、流程短、环境友好,是一种具有划时代意义的绿色生产金属及合金的新方法,其阴极还原机理是由直接电脱氧和钙的还原共同作用下的,符合金属/固体氧化物/溶盐三相反应界线动力学模型的还原过程,加入少量的CaO或金属钙将有利于还原的进行。阴极是电脱氧成功的关键,通常为保障一定的孔隙率和机械强度把球磨粒度控制在微米级,压制力度控制在10 ~ 5 Mpa之间,升高烧结温度,并在阴极中掺杂适量的造孔物质,会提高孔隙率、氧离子的扩散速度以及导电性。国内外的研究者利用此方法制备金属单质Cr、Si、Co、Ce及合金进行了许多的尝试并取得成功,其中年产吨级的钛已取得成功,现如今如何提高电流效率仍是未来研究的热点。The molten salt electric deoxidation method has a low energy consumption,short process and environmental friendliness,and is a new method for epoch-making green production of metals and alloys.The cathodic reduction mechanism is a combination of direct electro-deoxidation and reduction of calcium,which is in line with the reduction process of the metal/solid oxide/dissolved salt three-phase reaction boundary kinetic model.Adding a small amount of CaO or metal calcium will facilitate the reduction.Cathode is the key to the success of electro-deoxidation.Generally,the ball-grinding particle size is controlled to the micron level to ensure a certain porosity and mechanical strength.The pressing force is controlled between 10Mpa and 15Mpa,the sintering temperature is raised,and the cathode is doped in an appropriate amount.Porous material,which increases porosity,diffusion rate of oxygen ions,and conductivity.Researchers at home and abroad have used this method to prepare metal elemental Cr,Si,Co,Ce and alloys and have made many attempts and successes.The annual output of tons of titanium has been successful.How to improve current efficiency is still a hot topic in the future.

关 键 词：绿色冶金 FFC法电脱氧 还原机理 阴极制备 合金 

分 类 号：TD989[矿业工程—选矿]