埃达克岩来自高压背景——一个科学的、可靠的、有预见性的科学发现  

Adakite comes from a high-pressure background:A scientific,reliable,predictable scientific discovery

作　　者：张旗[1,2] 焦守涛 ZHANG Qi;JIAO ShouTao(Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution,Beijing 100029,China;Development Research Center,China Geological Survey,Beijing 100037,China;Technology Innovation Center of Geological Information,MNR,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [2]岩石圈演化国家重点实验室,北京100029 [3]中国地质调查局发展研究中心,北京100037 [4]自然资源部地质信息工程技术创新中心,北京100037

出　　处：《岩石学报》2020年第6期1675-1683,共9页Acta Petrologica Sinica

基　　金：岩石圈演化国家重点实验室项目(81300001);国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2016YFC0600510);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20190318)联合资助。

摘　　要：国内对埃达克岩的成因及其含义认识不同,已经争论20年了。虽然不同见解争论激烈,但是,笔者经过20年不懈的研究指出:埃达克岩的确与高压背景有关并可上升为理论了。虽然关于埃达克岩的形成和演化还有许多问题并不清楚,虽然埃达克岩仍存在激烈的争论,但是,这些并不能阻止埃达克理论的逐渐形成和完善。"埃达克岩形成于高压背景"已经可以被证明是一个近似正确的理论。笔者强调指出,埃达克岩的高锶低钇特点不能用常规的地球化学方法解释,只能用残留相理论解释,说明埃达克岩与榴辉岩(是榴辉岩,不是石榴石)处于平衡。埃达克理论之所以能够称为理论,一个重要的原因是它具有科学的预见性,本文提出埃达克理论的三个预言是:(1)埃达克岩不与南岭型花岗岩共生;(2)C型埃达克岩形成于高原和山脉;(3)埃达克岩与金铜成矿作用有关。笔者欢迎全球科学家对上述三个预言进行检验。文中还重新提出了"中国东部高原"问题,指出国内外已经消失的高原和山脉肯定不少。但如何恢复它们、识别它们?国外没有现成的实例、方法和思路。而"中国东部高原"的提出是有一定的依据的,是值得我们去深入研究的,这可能会开辟一个新的研究方向。本文还建议根据埃达克理论部署区域性和战略性找矿工作,开展全球、全国的中酸性岩大普查,重点查明埃达克岩和南岭型花岗岩的时代和分布,划分地壳加厚和地壳减薄的区域,在埃达克岩发育区部署金铜找矿工作,在南岭型花岗岩发育区开展钨锡找矿工作。Domestic understanding of the causes and meanings of adakite has been debated for 20 years.Twenty years of research shows that the adakite is related to the high pressure background and can be raised into theory.Although there are still many problems about the formation and evolution of the adakite and there is still a heated debate about the adakite,these do not prevent the gradual formation and improvement of the adakitic theory."The formation of adakite is related to the high pressure background"has proven to be an approximate correct theory.The author emphasizes that the characteristics of enrichment of Sr and depletion of Yb of adakite cannot be explained by conventional geochemical methods,and can only be explained by the theory of residual phase theory,indicating adakite and eclogites(which are eclogites,not garnets)are in balance.One important reason why adakitic theory can be called theory is that it has scientific foresight.The three prophecies that this paper proposes about adakitic theory are:(1)adakite does not coexist with Nanling type granite;(2)C-type adakite is formed in plateau and mountains;(3)adakite is related to gold and copper mineralization.The author welcomes global scientists to test the above three predictions.This article also re-proposed the"Eastern China Plateau"issue,pointing out that there have been a lot of plateaus and mountains that have disappeared at home and abroad.How to restore it and identify it,there are no ready-made examples,methods and ideas in foreign countries.The proposal of"Eastern China Plateau"has certain basis and is worthy of further study.This may open up a new direction for scientific research.This paper proposes to deploy regional and strategic prospecting work based on adakitic theory to carry out global and national surveys of medium-acid rock.This paper focuses on identifying the temporal and spatial distribution of adakite and Nanling type granite,and divides the area of crustal thickening and crustal thinning.Gold and copper prospecting work is carried

关 键 词：埃达克岩 埃达克理论 高压 科学的预见性 金铜成矿作用 钨锡成矿作用 中国东部高原 花岗岩分类 

分 类 号：P588.121[天文地球—岩石学]