不同施氮时间和施氮量对甘蔗生产的影响  

Effects of Applying Nitrogen in Different Time and at Different Nitrogen Rate on Sugarcane Production

作　　者：余江敏 董文斌 刘丽君[1] 韦彩会 陈燕[3] 韩瑞明 YU Jiang-min;DONG Wen-bin;LIU Li-jun;WEI Cai-hui;CHEN Yan;HAN Rui-ming(Guangxi Agriculture Vocational College,Nanning,Guangxi 530007;Sugarcane Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science,Nanning,Guangxi 530007;Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute,Nanning,Guangxi 530001;Guangxi East Asia Sak Siam fertilizer Co.Ltd.,Ningming,Guangxi 532599)

机构地区：[1]广西农业职业技术学院,广西南宁530007 [2]广西壮族自治区农业科学院甘蔗研究所,广西南宁530007 [3]广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所,广西南宁530014 [4]广西东亚撒阳肥料有限公司,广西宁明532599

出　　处：《甘蔗糖业》2020年第3期62-68,共7页Sugarcane and Canesugar

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201100);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项项目(2015YM16)。

摘　　要：氮是甘蔗取得高产高糖的重要元素之一。本试验通过设计甘蔗种植后的69(D-CK)、99(D1)、130(D2)和161(D3)天4个不同施氮时间和不同施氮总量为369.0(N-CK)、334.5(N1)、403.5(N2)和438(N3)kg/hm^2,4个施氮量的单因素试验,通过对甘蔗株高等农艺性状、产量和甘蔗品质进行调查和分析。本试验条件下,与D-CK施氮对比,甘蔗随着施氮期的推迟,甘蔗单产显著降低了11.1%~18.3%,并且甘蔗糖分含量从D1增幅1.5%下降到D2的0.5%;与N-CK相比,N1、N2处理单产均有所降低但差异不显著,而N3处理甘蔗单产显著减少,降幅达到21%,甘蔗糖分除N1提高了4.9%,N2、N3显著降低。综合本试验结果,建议在甘蔗止氮期应该在种植后69~99天之间,总施氮量建议在334.5~369 kg/hm^2之间能较好获得甘蔗产量和甘蔗糖分。Nitrogen is one of the important elements for sugarcane to achieve high yield and sucrose.This study investigated sugarcane height,agriculture characteristic yield and sugarcane qualify with applying nitrogen in 4 different date(after sugarcane cultivation 69,99,130,161 days)and at 4 different nitrogen level(369.0,334.5,403.5,438 kg/hm^2)in two independent field trail.The results showed that the sugarcane unit yield decreased significance around 11.1%~18.3%compared with D-CK,with Nitrogen application date delayed.But the sucrose decreased from 1.5%(D1)to 0.5%(D2);Compared with N-CK,the sugarcane unit yield of N1 and N2 decreased no significance,but the sugarcane unit yield of N3 decreased significance with a decreased of 21%;The sucrose of N1 increased by 4.9%,and that of N2 and N3 decreased significance.The results indicated that all nitrogen fertilizer should be applied around 69~99 days after sugarcane cultivation,and the nitrogen rate suggested around 334.5~369 kg/hm^2 to achieve both good yield and sucrose.

关 键 词：甘蔗 施氮量 施氮时间 产量 糖分 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]