Cyclical helping hands: seasonal tailwinds differentially affect migrating Oriental Storks (Ciconia boyciana) travel speed  

作　　者：Shujuan Fan Qingshan Zhao Hongbin Li Baoguang Zhu Shubin Dong Yanbo Xie Lei Cao Anthony David Fox 

机构地区：[1]School of Life Sciences,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China [2]State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco‑Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China [3]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [4]Honghe National Nature Reserve,Jiansanjiang 156332,China [5]School of Physical Sciences,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China [6]Department of Bioscience,Aarhus University,KaløGrenåvej 14,8410 Rønde,Denmark

出　　处：《Avian Research》2020年第2期83-91,共9页鸟类学研究（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Key Research and Development Programme of China(Grant No.2016YFC0500406);International Cooperation and Exchange project NSFC(Grant No.31661143027);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31870369 and 31970433);China Biodiversity Observation Networks(Sino BON)。

摘　　要：Background:The Oriental Stork(Ciconia boyciana)breeds in southeastern Siberia and parts of northeast China,and winters mainly in southeast China.Although the autumn migration pattern of Oriental Storks has been previ-ously described,differences between spring and autumn migration travel speed in relation to wind assistance were unknown.Methods:Using GPS/GSM transmitters,we tracked the full migrations of 18 Oriental Storks during 2015-2018 to compare differences in autumn and spring migration patterns,and combined the satellite telemetry data with the National Center for Environmental Prediction Reanalysis data to explain the relationship between 850 mbar wind vec-tors and seasonal differences in travel speed.Results:Differences in tailwinds contributed to significant differences in daily average Oriental Storks travel speed in spring(258.11±64.8 km/day)compared to autumn(172.23±49.7 km/day,p<0.001).Storks stopped significantly more often in autumn than spring(1.78±1.1 versus 1.06±0.9,p<0.05),but stopover duration(15.52±12.4 versus 16.30±15.1 days,respectively,p=0.3)did not differ significantly.Tailwinds at 850 mbar pressure level(extracted from the National Center of Environmental Prediction Reanalysis data archive)significantly affected daily flying speed dur-ing spring and autumn migration.Tailwind conditions in spring(mean 4.40±5.6 m/s)were always more favourable than in autumn when they received no net benefit(0.48±5.6 m/s,p<0.001).Despite mean spring migration dura-tion being less than autumn(27.52±15.9 versus 32.77±13.4 days,p=0.17),large individual variation meant that this duration did not differ significantly from each other.Conclusions:For long distance migratory soaring birds(such as storks),relative duration of spring and autumn migration likely relates to the interaction between imperative for earliest arrival to breeding grounds and seasonal meteorological conditions experienced en route.

关 键 词：Ciconia boyciana GPS/GSM tracking Migration Tailwind Travel duration Travel speed 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]