竹杨复合材料高频热压工艺研究  

Research on high frequency hot⁃pressing process of bamboo and poplar composites

作　　者：吴江源 崔立东[2] 张晶[2] 张长武[2] 曾春雷[2] 于文吉[1] WU Jiangyuan;CUI Lidong;ZHANG Jing;ZHANG Changwu;ZENG Chunlei;YU Wenji(Research Institute of Wood Industry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Wood Science Institute of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所,北京100091 [2]黑龙江省木材科学研究所,哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2020年第4期60-66,共7页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0600303)。

摘　　要：将具有优良力学性能的竹材与轻质的速生杨木进行复合,制备轻质高强竹木复合材料,可以促进竹材和人工速生林的高效利用和高附加值利用,并拓宽竹材和木材的应用领域。高频加热技术具有选择性加热特点,加热效率高,升温速率快,尤其针对较厚的木质复合材料热压胶合更具有独特的优越性,并能提高产品的综合性能。研究了高频加热对厚度超过40 mm的竹杨复合材料热传导特性和力学性能的影响规律。研究结果表明,高频热压与普通接触式热压相比,升温速率可以提高2倍以上,并且表芯层升温速率基本一致。竹杨复合材料在竹材占比20%和密度为0.50 g/cm^3的情况下,静曲强度可以达到70 MPa以上,比普通杨木提高了40%以上,实现了材料性能的优势互补。高频热压制备竹杨复合材料的工艺中,在本试验范围内,压力、热压时间和施胶量与竹杨复合材料的各项力学性能均呈二次相关关系,并且这3个因子之间存在交互作用。压力为0.85 MPa左右时,竹杨复合材料的各项性能均较好;在选定的施胶量范围内,合理降低施胶量有利于提高竹杨复合材料的综合性能。This study presented the results of a series experiments and numerical models concerning the mechanical properties of bamboo-wood composite materials.In order to promote the efficient utilization and high value-added utilization of bamboo and plantation fast-growing forests,and also broaden the application of bamboo and wood,the bamboo[Phyllostachys lanceolata(Lamb)Hook]with good mechanical properties was compounded with light fast-growing poplar wood to prepare lightweight high-strength bamboo and poplar composites.High-frequency heating technology was applied to manufacture the bamboo and poplar composites,as the high-frequency heating has some advantages such as selective heating,high heating efficiency and fast heating rate,especially for the hot-pressing and bonding of thick wood composite materials,which has unique advantages and could improve comprehensive performances of products significantly.The experiments focused on the influence of the high frequency heating on the heat transfer characteristics and mechanical properties of bamboo and poplar composites with a thickness of 40 mm.The results showed that,compared with the traditional contact hot-pressing,the heating rate of the high frequency hot-pressing was increased by more than two times,and the heating rates at the lumber surface and the core layer were basically the same.Our early research showed that the static bending strength of poplar lumber with a thickness of 40 mm was only about 50 MPa.In the case of bamboo and poplar composites with a density of 0.50 g/cm 3,composition of 20%bamboo and 80%poplar,the static bending strength could reach above 70 MPa,which was over 40%higher than that of poplar lumber,illustrating complementary advantages of material properties.In the process of manufacturing bamboo and poplar composites by high frequency hot-pressing,the results showed that the pressure,hot-pressing time and the glue amount applied in this test range were a quadratic correlation affecting the mechanical properties of bamboo and poplar composi

关 键 词：竹杨复合材料 高频加热 升温速率 力学性能 施胶量 

分 类 号：S784[农业科学—林学]