陇东地区不同矮化中间砧对‘长富2号’苹果抗寒性的影响  

Effects of different dwarfing interstocks on cold resistance of‘Changfu 2’apple in Longdong area

作　　者：张旭 朱珍珍 孙鲁龙 李凤龙 韦德闯 朱佳顺 樊良栋 赵政阳[1] ZHANG Xu;ZHU Zhenzhen;SUN Lulong;LI Fenglong;WEI Deichuang;ZHU Jiashun;FAN Liangdong;ZHAO Zhengyang(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;Station of Apple Experiment and Demonstration,Qingcheng 745100,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]庆城县苹果试验示范站,甘肃庆城745100

出　　处：《果树学报》2020年第7期985-996,共12页Journal of Fruit Science

摘　　要：【目的】筛选在甘肃陇东地区适宜‘长富2号’苹果树体安全越冬的抗寒矮化中间砧,并初步确立不同矮化中间砧‘长富2号’苹果抗寒性鉴定的综合评价方法。【方法】以9种不同矮化中间砧(SH1、SC1、SH6、SH38、M26、M7、M9、T337、JM7)‘长富2号’(‘长富2号’/中间砧/新疆野苹果)的1 a(年)生枝条为试材,采用人工模拟低温的方法,测定不同温度(-15、-20、-25、-30、-35、-40℃)处理下枝条相对电导率(REC)、丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、花青苷含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,并分析各抗寒相关指标变化趋势。【结果】随着处理温度的降低,9种中间砧‘长富2号’的REC、可溶性糖含量、MDA呈现上升趋势,可溶性蛋白、花青苷含量以及SOD、POD和CAT活性呈现先上升后下降的趋势;电导率结合Logistic方程计算出了各中间砧‘长富2号’半致死温度(LT50),SH6中间砧‘长富2号’LT50最低,为-35.293℃,JM7中间砧‘长富2号’LT50最高,为-23.759℃;主成分分析、隶属函数分析、聚类分析等多元方法成功应用于综合鉴定各中间砧‘长富2号’的抗寒性。【结论】不同中间砧‘长富2号’抗寒性可划分为3类:第1类为SH6、SH1、SH38、SC1,抗寒性最强;第2类为M7、M26、M9,抗寒性较强;第3类为JM7、T337,抗寒性较弱。【Objective】A study was conducted in attempting to screen the cold-resistant dwarf interstocks suitable for the‘Changfu 2’apple tree in the Longdong area of Gansu province,and to establish the method for evaluation of cold resistance of apples with different dwarfing interstocks.【Methods】In this study,annual dormant branches from‘Changfu 2’‘(Changfu 2’/interstocks/Malus sieversii)of nine dwarfing interstocks(SH6,SH38,SC1,SH1,M26,M9,M7,T337 and JM7)were used as the experimental materials,which were even in size and free from diseases and pests.8 physiological indexes,including relative electrical conductivity(REC),malondialdehyde(MDA)content,soluble sugar content,soluble protein content,anthocyanin content and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,peroxidase(POD)activity and catalase(CAT)activity of annual dormant branches were determined under different temperature treatments(-15,-20,-25,-30,-35,and-40℃),and the temperature at time of harvesting in the orchard was used as the control temperature.According to the change in each index in response to low temperature stresses,difference in cold resistance of‘Changfu 2’with nine dwarf interstocks was analyzed.【Results】As the treatment temperature droped,the relative electrical conductivity increased and showed a"slow-fast"trend.The relative conductivity of‘Changfu 2’/JM7/Malus sieversii was always the highest,while that of‘Changfu 2’/SH6/Malus sieversii was always the lowest.Based on REC,the semi-lethal temperatures(LT50)of‘Changfu 2’with different interstocks were calculated by logistic equation,and the order of LT50 was SH6>SH38>SC1>SH1>M26>M9>M7>T337>JM7.With the decrease in temperature,the soluble sugar content of all interstock treatments showed an increasing trend,but there were differences among interstocks.‘Changfu 2’/SH6/Malus sieversii had the largest increase(196.99%);‘Changfu 2’/T337/Malus sieversii had the smallest increase(132.97%);the other seven had an increase between 142.46%and 174.97%.Soluble protein cont

关 键 词：‘长富2号’苹果 抗寒性 矮化中间砧 LT50 主成分分析 隶属函数法 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]