引起新疆苹果树枝干黑斑病Diplodia seriata的鉴定  

Identification of Diplodia seriata causing black spot on branches and trunks of apple trees in Xinjiang

作　　者：朱宗财 张王斌 岳娟 仪子博 ZHU Zong-cai;ZHANG Wang-bin;YUE Juan;YI Zi-bo(Southern Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management,College of Plant Science,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学植物科学学院,南疆农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室,阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2020年第3期373-376,共4页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然基金(31660034);重点领域科技攻关计划项目(2018AB038)。

摘　　要：苹果产业是新疆维吾尔自治区(简称新疆)林果业的支柱产业之一,由于新疆冬季寒冷,夏季干旱少雨,病虫发生率低,打药次数少,天山雪水浇灌,无污染。因而苹果果面光滑细腻、色泽光亮、肉质脆、口感风味极佳。色二孢(Diplodia seriata)是广泛传播的一类病原菌,在藤本类植物中引起枯萎病、溃疡病和果实腐烂[1]。2007年在比利时、荷兰和德国的部分地区发现由色二孢(D. seriata)引起的果实腐烂.In May 2018, a disease on apple trees was detected in Aksu, Xinjiang, China(41°17’18’’N, 80°21’20’’E;altitude:1104 m), whose typical symptoms were on the branches and the infected parts had many necrotic dark spots. There were also accompanied by browning and tissue necrosis under the bark at the center of the stem. We used a conventional method on tissue separation to isolate and purify the pathogens from diseased spe-cimens. The results showed that the fungal conidia were obtusely rounded on both ends, crescent shape, truncated base, and smooth. Conidial stems were clustered from the bottom, with asymmetric branches on each branch, and fewer branches upward, black, swollen at the base, and discrete. A multi-gene phylogenetic tree based on DNA sequences of elongation factor-1α(EF-1α, GenBank No. MK025666) and β-tubulin(GenBank No. MK033134) was built up with the collected isolates in this study, and the pathogen was determined as Diplodia seriata. To our knowledge, this is the first report on apple tree caused by D. seriata in Xinjiang, China.

关 键 词：苹果树枝 枯萎病 苹果产业 黑斑病 支柱产业 林果业 病虫发生 果实腐烂 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]