保水剂施用对恩施烟区上部烟叶生长发育的影响  

Effects of Super Absorbent Polymer on Growth and Development of Upper Tobacco Leaves in the Enshi Tobacco Growing Area

作　　者：刘迎超 于涛[1] 孙光伟 陈振国 杨趁义 张建波 王玉军[1] LIU Yingchao;YU Tao;SUN Guangwei;CHEN Zhenguo;YANG Chenyi;ZHANG Jianbo;WANG Yujun(Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an,Shandong 271000,China;Hubei Tobacco Science Research Institute,Wuhan 430030,China;Shandong Laiwu Tobacco Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 271100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学,山东泰安271000 [2]湖北省烟草科学研究院,武汉430030 [3]山东莱芜烟草有限公司,济南271100

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2020年第3期53-57,共5页Chinese Tobacco Science

基　　金：中国烟草总公司湖北省公司项目“提高湖北省上部烟叶可用性研究与应用”(027Y2017-002);中国烟草总公司山东省公司项目“提高莱芜烟区上部烟叶成熟度关键技术研究”(201932)、“提高上部烟叶工业可用性的关键技术研究”(KN247)。

摘　　要：以云烟87为供试材料,分析不同剂量保水剂施用对烟株根区土壤水分、根系活力以及上部叶农艺性状、光合参数、碳氮代谢关键酶活性、抗衰老指标及烤后烟叶质量的影响。结果表明,施用保水剂可以提高根际土壤含水量,提升伸根期根系活力及上部叶光合特性,增加叶面积,改善农艺性状,促进开片;同时提高上部叶保护酶(SOD、POD、CAT)及NR、NI活性,加快碳氮代谢,进而使上部叶烟碱含量降低,可溶性糖增加,糖碱比趋于协调,化学品质改善,产量、产值提高。在本试验中,保水剂施用量为4 g/株时效果最优。Yunyan87 was used as the test material to analyze soil moisture,root vigor,upper leaf agronomic traits,photosynthetic parameters,key enzyme activities of carbon and nitrogen metabolism,anti-aging indicators and related enzyme activities,tobacco leaf quality and other indicators after application of different dosages of super absorbent polymer.The results showed that the application of super absorbent polymer can increase water content in the rhizosphere soil,increase root vitality and photosynthetic characteristics of the upper leaves,increase leaf area,improve agronomic traits,and promote opening;And increase the upper leaf protective enzymes(SOD,POD,CAT)and NR,NI activities,accelerate carbon and nitrogen metabolism,and then reduce nicotine content in the upper leaves,increase soluble sugar,improve sugar-base ratio coordinativeness,improve chemical quality,and increase yield and output value.In this study,the effect was the best when the amount of water-retaining agent was 4 g/plant.

关 键 词：保水剂 烤烟 土壤水分 上部叶 生长发育 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]