段玉裁的古音体系及其对方音的态度  

The Ancient Sound System of Duan Yu-cai and His Attitude to the Dialects

作　　者：乔全生 QIAO Quan-sheng(College of Liberal Arts,Shaanxi Normal University,Xian 710119,China;Institute of Language Science,Shaanxi Normal University,Xian 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学文学院,陕西西安710119 [2]陕西师范大学语言科学研究所,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第4期34-43,共10页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目“近代汉语方言文献集成”(10ZD&122);山西省“1331工程”重点创新团队“晋方言保护传承与服务开发”(2019年度经费);陕西师范大学中国语言文学“世界一流学科建设”项目(1110011042)。

摘　　要：段玉裁古音体系体大思精,《六书音均表》即是段氏潜心商订的古音学力作,形成了段氏古音学的完整体系,但是书中几乎不提方言,而是用合韵说解释异部相押。事实上,段氏并非没有方音观念,其拒斥方音完全是出于维护同质性理想化古音体系的考虑,"今韵古分十七部表"就是其同质性理想化古音体系的重要显现。然而,同质性理想化的语音体系会导致古音体系的严重缺陷,如:韵类关系古今无变、在今音中寻求古音音值、拒斥以个别字的流变审取古音的方音说。The Ancient Sound System of Duan Yu-cai is broad in conception and meticulous in details,LIUSHUYINYUNBIAO(六书音均表)is a masterpiece arranged by Duan Yu-Cai,forming the complete system of Duan's paleophones,but the book contains few dialect.Instead,it explains the yibuxiangya(异部相押)by heyunshuo(合韵说).Duan is not without the conception of dialect,rejecting dialect is completely in the consideration of maintaining the idealized paleotone system of homogeneity.Among them,the 17 parts of the ancient rhyme(今韵古分十七部表)is the important manifestation of the idealized paleotone system of homogeneity.The idealized phonetic system of homogeneity will lead to the serious defect of the paleotone system,for example:no differences between ancient and modern rhyme,in the sound of the search for the value of the ancient sound,rejected the change of individual words to review the ancient sound of the dialect sound said.

关 键 词：音韵学 古音学研究 段玉裁 古音体系 方音 合韵说 《六书音均表》 

分 类 号：H114.9[语言文字—汉语]