某部官兵防御机制特点及相关因素研究  

Study on the characteristics and relevant factors of the defense mechanisms of officers and soldiers in a certain department

作　　者：于均涛[1] 姜忠东[2] 孙忠华[3] 单墨水[4] 范成路[5] 徐妮 YU Jun-tao;JIANG Zhong-dong;SUN Zhong-hua;SHAN Mo-shui;FAN Cheng-lu;XU Ni(Department of psychological rehabilitation,NO.967 Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army,Dalian Liaoning,116041,China;Three department of Psychiatry,NO.967 Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army,Dalian Liaoning,116041,China;Sleep disorder treatment center,NO.967 Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army,Dalian Liaoning,116041,China;Mental disorder treatment center of traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,NO.967 Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army,Dalian Liaoning,116041,China;Office of the Executive Director,NO.967 Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army,Dalian Liaoning,116041,China;The Outpatient Department,NO.967 Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army,Dalian Liaoning,116041,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九六七医院精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心心理康复科,辽宁大连116041 [2]中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九六七医院精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心精三科,辽宁大连116041 [3]中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九六七医院精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心睡眠障碍治疗中心,辽宁大连116041 [4]中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九六七医院精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心中西医精神障碍治疗中心,辽宁大连116041 [5]中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九六七医院精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心执行主任办公室,辽宁大连116041 [6]中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九六七医院精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心门诊部,辽宁大连116041

出　　处：《职业与健康》2020年第8期1071-1074,1078,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：全军后勤科研计划课题(CSY12J012)。

摘　　要：目的研究官兵心理防御机制的特点及影响因素。方法2019年6月采用防御方式问卷(DSQ)和自编成长环境因素问卷对某团单位整群抽样调查。结果共调查402名陆军某团官兵,其成熟型防御机制的DSQ评分最高(4.62±1.26),其次是中间型防御机制(4.05±1.05),最低是不成熟型防御机制(3.53±1.18);家境的投射因子得分比较,差异有统计学意义(t=2.42,P<0.05);婚姻的抱怨因子、幽默因子得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);受教育年限、服役年限在成熟防御机制、中间型防御机制及部分因子上均有相关性(均P<0.05),服役年限与不成熟防御机制有相关性(均P<0.05);身份类别在成熟防御机制、中间型防御机制的各因子得分比较,差异均有在统计学意义(均P<0.05),及抱怨、分裂因子得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=4.97、3.66,均P<0.05);既往经历重大负性事件者在不成熟防御机制、中间型防御机制的各因子得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),业余爱好在成熟防御机制的各因子得分比较,差异有统计学意义(t=2.63,P<0.05)。结论家庭经济条件、婚姻对防御机制的影响较小,年龄、受教育年限、服役年限、业余爱好对形成良好的防御机制有更积极的意义,而负性事件更易导致不成熟防御机制的使用,但对成熟防御机制及中间型防御机制的形成亦有一定的积极作用,官兵整体更倾向于使用成熟的防御机制来面对问题。Objective To study the characteristics and influencing factors of the psychological defense mechanism of officers and soldiers.Methods A cluster sampling survey of a unit in a regiment was conducted using a defensive questionnaire(DSQ)and a self-made environmental factor questionnaire in June 2019.Results A total of 402 soldiers of an army regiment were investigated.DSQ scores for mature defense mechanism(4.62±1.26),intermediate defense mechanism(4.05±1.05),and immature defense mechanism(3.53±1.18)decreased in turn.Family circumstances were statistically different in projection factors(t=2.42,P<0.05).Marriages were statistically different in complaint and humor factors(both P<0.05).Education years and service length were correlated in mature defense mechanisms,intermediate defense mechanisms and partial factors(all P<0.05),and service length was correlated to immature defense mechanisms(P<0.05).The identity categories were statistically different in the mature defense mechanism and the interme-diate defense mechanism of their complaint factors(all P<0.05).And there were significant differences in complaint and split factors(F=4.97,3.66,both P<0.05).Those who had experienced major negative events were statistically different in the immature defense mechanism and the intermediate defense mechanism(P<0.05),and the hobbies were statistically different in the mature defense mechanism(t=2.63,P<0.05).Conclusion Family economic conditions and marriage have little influence on defense mechanisms,age,education years,service length,and hobbies have more positive significance for formation of a good defense mechanism,a negative event is more prone to causing the use of immature defense mechanisms.However,it also shows a positive effect on the formation of a mature defense mechanism and an intermediate defense mechanism,while soldiers are more inclined to adopt mature defense mechanisms to face problems.

关 键 词：军队 防御机制 压力 心理健康 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]