“双高”地震资料处理技术与应用--以四川盆地射洪区块沙溪庙组河道砂储层成像为例  

"Double-high"seismic-data processing technology and its application:An example from imaging of channel sandbody reservoirs of Shaximiao Formation,Shehong block,Sichuan Basin

作　　者：杨广广 吕龑 韩嵩[1] 粱菁 曾华会[3] Yang Guangguang;Lv Yan;Han Song;Liang Jing;Zeng Huahui(Exploration and Development Research Institute,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China;Tight Oil and Gas Project Division,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610051,China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development-Northwest,Petro-China,Lanzhou,Gansu 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油西南油气田公司勘探开发研究院 [2]中国石油西南油气田公司致密油气项目部 [3]中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院

出　　处：《天然气勘探与开发》2020年第2期1-8,共8页Natural Gas Exploration and Development

基　　金：“十三五”国家科技重大专项“大型油气田及煤层气开发——致密气有效储层预测技术”(编号:2016ZX05047-002);中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项“西南油气田天然气上产300亿立方米关键技术研究与应用”(编号:2016E-0604)。

摘　　要：四川盆地射洪区块中侏罗统沙溪庙组河道砂体与烃源断裂的搭配关系非常复杂,由于地震采集覆盖次数低、采集脚印现象严重等因素的影响,常规地震处理资料信噪比低,河道砂体和断裂的成像精度低,不能满足复杂窄细河道地震刻画、储层定量预测和含气性检测的需求。针对这些问题,采用基于"双高"原则的地震资料处理流程与方法,强化处理参数试验与优化,降低采集脚印对高保真成像的影响,提高地震资料的分辨率与成像精度。研究结果表明:①"双高"处理地震资料的信噪比和分辨率明显提高,河道亮点特征及河道边界更明显,断点归位更准确,断裂成像更清晰,有助于开展河道砂体与断裂精细解释;②"双高"处理地震资料含气河道砂储层AVO特征信息保留得更好,有助于开展储层与含气性预测;③"双高"地震资料处理技术在四川盆地射洪区块取得了较好的应用效果,在其他地区浅层河道砂储层、断裂的高精度成像等方面具有推广应用价值。For Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation,Shehong block,Sichuan Basin,the collocation of channel sandbodies with source faults is very complex.Affected by low fold and heavy footprint of seismic acquisition,both signal-to-noise ratio of conventional seismic processing data and imaging accuracy of channel sandbodies and faults are too low to meet the demands of seismic depicting complex and narrow channels,quantitative predicting reservoirs,and detecting gas-bearing property.So,this study adopted a seismic-data processing technology based on"double-high(high fidelity and high resolution)"principle to strengthen processing parameter test and optimization,reduce an effect of footprint on high-fidelity imaging,and improve resolution and imaging accuracy.Results show that(1)after an application of the double-high-based technology,the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution are improved significantly,the bright-spot characteristics and channel boundary are more obvious,the breakpoint homing is more accurate,and fault imaging is clearer,which is conducive to a fine interpretation on channel sandbodies and faults;(2)for gas-bearing channel sandbody reservoirs,the AVO feature information may be better preserved in seismic data processed by this technology,which is helpful for predicting reservoirs and gas-bearing property;and(3)this technology has been well applied to Shehong block,and it is worth popularizing in high-accuracy imaging of shallow channel sandbody reservoirs and faults in other areas of Sichuan Basin.

关 键 词：高保真 高分辨率 中侏罗世沙溪庙期 河道砂 地震成像 射洪区块 四川盆地 

分 类 号：P631.44[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P618.13[天文地球—地质学]