健康教育对电瓶厂工人铅污染及身体状况的影响  

Effect of health education on lead pollution and physical condition of battery factory workers

作　　者：唐华伟 胡林仙[1] 洪静 TANG Huawei;HU Linxian;HONG Jing(Outpatient Department,Lanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lanxi 321100,China)

机构地区：[1]兰溪市疾病预防控制中心门诊部,浙江兰溪321100

出　　处：《健康研究》2020年第3期293-296,共4页Health Research

摘　　要：目的探讨健康教育对电瓶厂工人铅污染及身体状况的影响,并分析工人血铅水平的变化情况。方法选取两所电瓶厂2019年3月来医院进行体检的工人为研究对象,其中经过12个月健康教育的某厂392名工人为观察组,另外未经健康教育的另一厂270名工人为对照组。问卷调查工人对铅危害相关知识的了解情况,比较2组工人问卷得分、血铅水平变化,观察2组工人身体检查异常情况,分析血铅水平与身体检查异常情况的相关性。结果健康体检时,观察组问卷基础知识和预防知识平均得分为(41. 77±5. 94)分和(44. 52±7. 15)分,显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。体检结果显示,2组工人尿常规异常率和高血压情况差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05),观察组血铅平均水平、血铅水平异常率及心电图异常率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。logistic回归分析表明异常血铅水平与心电图异常呈正相关(P<0. 05)。结论电瓶厂工人中存在血铅污染,同时增加了心电图异常率。健康教育可提高铅危害知识知晓率,降低工人的血铅水平,减少铅中毒的发生。Objective To explore the influence of health education on lead pollution and physical condition of battery factory workers,and to analyze the change of lead level of workers.Methods Workers from two battery factories who came to the hospital for physical examination in March 2019 were selected as the study objects.Among them,392 workers in one factory who had 12 months health education were in the observation group,and 270 workers in another factory who had no health education were in the control group.Questionnaire was used to investigate workers’knowledge of lead hazards.Compared the two groups of workers’questionnaire score,lead level,physical examination abnormalities,and analyzed the correlation between lead level and physical examination abnormalities.Results During physical examination,the average scores of basic knowledge and prevention knowledge in the observation group were(41.77±5.94)points and(44.52±7.15)points,which were higher than those in the control group.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of physical examination showed that there was no significant difference in the proportion of abnormal routine urine and hypertension between the two groups(P>0.05).The average level of blood lead,abnormal rate of blood lead level and abnormal rate of electrocardiogram in the observation group were lower than those in the control group.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Logistics regression analysis showed that blood lead level was significantly positively correlated with abnormal electrocardiogram(P<0.05).Conclusions Blood lead pollution in battery factory workers increased the abnormal rate of electrocardiogram.Health education could improve the awareness rate of lead hazards knowledge,reduce the level of blood lead in workers and reduce the incidence of lead poisoning.

关 键 词：健康教育 铅污染 相关性 预防 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]