核电站放射性污染液压扭力扳手的去污实践  

Decontamination practice of radioactive contaminated hydraulic torsion wrenches in NPP

作　　者：李玉鑫 贾建召 LI Yuxin;JIA Jianzhao(Liaoning Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant,Liaoning Dalian 116001)

机构地区：[1]辽宁红沿河核电有限公司,辽宁大连116001

出　　处：《辐射防护》2020年第3期223-230,共8页Radiation Protection

摘　　要：核电站在日常生产及大修过程中,放射性污染设备和场地的检修作业会产生一定量的污染检修工具,其中包含价值高、体积大、去污难度大的液压扭力扳手。因液压扭力扳手结构复杂、主子部件较多、且热点多淤积在死角位置,导致其放射性去污难度较大,国内核电站多作放射性固体废物处理为主。液压扭力扳手作为高价值专用工具,大量放射性污染检修工具报废给核电站成本管控、放射性废物最小化管理和电站辐射防护最优化带来了较大的压力。针对此问题,电站开展了多项放射性污染液压扭力扳手深度去污试验,采用化学去污、机械去污、泡沫去污、超声波去污等多种组合工艺,经过四个阶段的深度去污试验,最终将多台放射性污染液压扭力扳手全部去污合格,并全部实现现场复用。此次深度去污试验研究总结的"放射性污染液压扭力扳手深度去污方法",去污因子超过103,去污试验各项指标效果良好,方法可行、有效、实用,可为业内同行提供参考。large number of radioactive contaminated hydraulic torque wrenches are resulted from maintenance of radioactive contaminated equipment and sites during normal operation and outage of nuclear power plants.And the contaminated hydraulic torque wrenches are difficult to be decontaminated because of their complex structure with many components and hot spots deposited in dead corners.Therefore they have to be treated as radioactive waste in many nuclear power plants.In order to solve the problems regarding cost control,minimization of radioactive waste,and radiation protection optimization caused by these contaminated hydraulic torque wrenches,some deep decontamination tests through chemical decontamination,mechanical decontamination,foam decontamination,ultrasonic decontamination and other combined processes were carried out.Result shows several hydraulic torque wrenches are finally cleaned and qualified with decontamination criteria after four stages of deep decontamination with a decontamination factor of higher than 1,000,which proves the deep decontamination method for radioactive contaminated hydraulic torque wrenches is feasible,practical and effective.

关 键 词：放射性污染 扭力扳手 深度去污 化学去污 超声波去污 

分 类 号：TL944[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]