中国供水行业技术效率及影响因素分析——基于256个城市的SFA测度研究  

Technical efficiency and it’s influencing factors in China’s water supply industry:an SFA measurement based on 256 cities

作　　者：李凡[1] 黄腾 LI Fan;HUANG Teng

机构地区：[1]深圳大学中国经济特区研究中心 [2]北京师范大学经济与资源管理研究院

出　　处：《城市问题》2020年第5期4-10,共7页Urban Problems

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(2017A030310566)——“城市供水技术效率的度量及影响因素——基于中国水务公司2005-2015年面板数据”。

摘　　要：我国长期面临严峻的水资源形势,提高城市供水效率问题备受关注。基于全国地级及以上城市五年供水数据,运用SFA方法构建投入产出模型,考察水源、技术指标、佣工结构、消费者结构对城市供水行业技术效率的影响,并估计了其技术效率值。实证结果显示:增加资本、专业劳动力、供水电量等生产投入能够显著提高供水量;居民生活用水占比、管网压力合格率与技术效率显著负相关,消费者密度、水资源天然禀赋与技术效率显著正相关;城市供水行业技术效率均值为0. 55,二线城市技术效率最高,均值达0. 6。China is currently facing water scarcity issues,which can partially be relieved with improvements in efficiency in its urban water supply sector.Using a manually collected city-level dataset for 2009-13,we examine the performance of Chinese urban water utilities,taking into account their operational factors.Our main findings are that:an increase in capital,labor and electricity usage can increase output levels;household water usage rate and pressure qualification rate are associated with higher levels of inefficiency(or lower levels of measured efficiency),while customer density and water resource are associated with lower levels of inefficiency(or higher levels of measured efficiency);the mean of technical efficiency is 0.55 while the second level cities have a highest 0.6.

关 键 词：城市供水行业 技术效率 运营环境 随机前沿分析 

分 类 号：F299.241[经济管理—国民经济]