从“周礼”到“汉制”——公私视角下的秦汉地方宗庙制度  

The Ritual Codes of Zhou and Han Institution:Examining Local Ancestral Temples from Public and Private Perspectives

作　　者：范云飞 FAN Yun-fei

机构地区：[1]清华大学历史系,100091

出　　处：《史林》2020年第2期27-36,219,共11页Historical Review

摘　　要：据新出秦简材料可知秦国、秦朝在县、道设有宗庙,秦县道庙与西汉郡国庙共同构成了秦汉地方宗庙制度。与儒家经典中的"周礼"理想相对,秦汉地方宗庙制度是一种"秦制"。宗庙具有公私二重性,"周礼"之宗庙由"私"而"公","秦制"之宗庙以"公"摄"私"。西汉郡国庙与"祖宗"庙号、公共领域的"功德"有内在联系。地方宗庙具有国家"公庙"的性质,是面向吏民的公共礼仪空间,与秦汉国家结构之变迁息息相关。秦汉地方宗庙制度的废止,是西汉元、成之世儒家官僚整合"周礼"与"秦制"而形塑"汉制"的结果。The newly unearthed materials demonstrate that there were ancestral temples in counties and enfeoffed states in Qin and Han.These temples were private and public as well.They were the state’s public temple and the local officials and residents’ritual site.The rise and fall of these temples were closely related to the Confucian scholar-officials’effort to reshape Han institutions by pulling together the ritual codes of the Western Zhou and the system of Qin.

关 键 词：周礼 秦制 汉制 郡国庙 公私 

分 类 号：K232[历史地理—历史学]