《三国志注》“出击”“交流”词汇化研究  

Two Cases of Lexicalization of The Notes of the Three Kingdoms

作　　者：周勤[1] 李祥 ZHOU Qin;LI Xiang(Chongqing Three Gorges University,Chongqing 404000,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡学院,重庆404020

出　　处：《重庆三峡学院学报》2020年第4期93-99,共7页Journal of Chongqing Three Gorges University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“前四史注疏语料层次与词汇研究”(15XYY011)。

摘　　要：《三国志注》中“出击”“交流”分别由连动短语和状中短语降格成词。连动短语“出而击”省略连词,促使“出”“击”距离减短,导致二者原有义素调整。“出”的[自内]义素里隐含的出发点和“击”搭配的对象都发生了泛化、抽象化,致使“出击”通过隐喻引申发生词汇化。“交流”中“流”的[液体]义素发生泛化、抽象化,使“交流”的对象扩展至固体甚至抽象领域,于是“交流”也借助隐喻引申发生词汇化,但其本义贯穿古今,并保留至今。《三国志注》记录了“出击”词与短语并存的词汇化程度较低的阶段,也记载了“交流”[液体]义素发生泛化,由液体范围延伸至固体范围的词汇化突变阶段。The expressions“attack”and“exchange”in The Notes of the Three Kingdoms are separately degraded into words from continuous phrase and AV phrase.The continuous phrase“out and hit”omits the conjunction to shorten the distance between“out”and“hit”,resulting in the adjustment of the original meaning of the two.As for“Out”[From within],the implicit starting point and the object of the“hit”collocation in the meaning element have been generalized and abstracted,resulting in the lexicalization of“attack”through metaphorical extension.As for“Flow”in“Communication”[Liquid],the generalization and abstraction of the element of meaning has expanded the object of“communication”to a solid or even abstract field.Therefore,“communication”has also been vocalized by metaphor,but its original meaning runs through ancient and modern times and remains so far.The Notes of the Three Kingdoms records the lower level of lexicalization of“attack”,both as word and as phrase,and also records the semantic generalization of“communication”[Liquid],extending from the liquid range to the lexicalized mutation stage of the solid range.

关 键 词：三国志注 词汇化 出击 交流 

分 类 号：H131[语言文字—汉语]