控释尿素减量对春小麦产量和效益及氮肥利用率的影响  

Effects of Controlled Release Urea Reduction on Yield,Benefit and Nitrogenous Fertilizer Efficiency of Spring Wheat

作　　者：汤莹[1] 杨文雄[2] 刘效华 TANG Ying;YANG Wenxiong;LIU Xiaohua(Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China;Institute of Wheat,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu,730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院小麦研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃农业科技》2020年第6期34-38,共5页Gansu Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：甘肃省科技重大专项“抗逆高产小麦新品种选育及高效生产技术集成展示”(1203NKDF018)。

摘　　要：通过田间试验研究了控释尿素减量施用对春小麦的生长、产量效益及氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明,控释尿素减量10%~30%较普通尿素传统施肥(施N225.0 kg/hm^2)小麦增产6.1%~11.9%,控释尿素全量处理与普通尿素传统施肥产量相当。用控释尿素处理的氮肥利用率施较普通尿素传统施肥高2.39~18.99百分点,其中以控释尿素减量30%最高。控释尿素全量及减量处理的纯收益较普通尿素处理增收102.6~3105.1元/hm^2,以控释尿素减量20%处理纯收益最高。春小麦在控释尿素减量条件下能够实现节本增效,其中以控释尿素减量20%~30%施用效果最佳,可在春小麦生产中推广应用。The effects of controlled-release urea reduction application on the growth,yield benefit and nitrogen use efficiency of spring wheat were studied by field experiments.The results showed that compared with conventional urea fertilization(N 225.0 kg/hm2),controlled release urea decreased by 10%~30%,and wheat increased by 6.1%~11.9%.The nitrogen utilization rate of controlled-release urea treatment was 2.39~18.99 percent point higher than that of conventional urea fertilization,the reduction of controlled release urea by 30%was the highest.Compared with the normal urea treatment,the net profit of controlled release urea treatment was 102.6~3105.1 yuan/hm2,and the net profit of controlled release urea treatment with 20%reduction was the highest.Under the condition of controlled release urea reduction,spring wheat can realize cost saving and efficiency increasing,among which 20%~30%controlled release urea reduction has the best application effect,which can be popularized in spring wheat production.

关 键 词：春小麦 控释尿素 产量 效益 氮肥利用率 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S147.2