梯级泵站事故停泵水力过渡过程研究  

Study on Hydraulic Transition Process of Accidental Pump⁃Stop of Cascade Pumping Station

作　　者：肖学 李传奇[1] 杨幸子 韩典乘 XIAO Xue;LI Chuanqi;YANG Xingzi;HAN Diancheng(School of Civil Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学土建与水利学院,山东济南250061

出　　处：《人民黄河》2020年第7期131-135,共5页Yellow River

摘　　要：为了在发生事故停泵时确保梯级泵站及管线的安全,有必要对梯级泵站事故停泵水力过渡过程进行分析,进而提出合理的防护措施。基于特征线法,对梯级泵站事故停泵水力过渡过程进行模拟分析,针对单级或多级泵站事故停泵时存在的水柱分离、机组倒转速过大、调节池漫顶或吸干等问题,提出了对应的防护措施。以某三级泵站输水工程(输水管路长29.7 km,总扬程178 m,设计输水流量30万m^3/d,管径1600 mm)进行了实例分析,结果表明:在沿程管路局部高点设置38座空气阀,并采取合理的两阶段关闭泵后阀操作,可以避免三级泵站同时事故停泵时管路产生水柱分离及机组过大倒转速;单级泵站事故停泵时以合理的顺序和响应时间关闭剩余泵站、两级泵站事故停泵时采取合理的停泵响应时间,可有效避免调节池吸干或漫顶;梯级泵站级间调节池的尺寸选取应综合考虑事故停泵时的响应时间、管道设计压力等因素,尺寸并非越大越好。工程条件允许时,建议采取开敞式调节池或在调节池侧壁设置溢流孔,以避免漫顶。In order to ensure the safety of the cascade pumping station and pipeline in the event of accidental pump⁃stop,it is necessary to analyze the hydraulic transition process of the accidental pumping⁃stop and then propose reasonable protective measures.Based on character⁃istic line method,hydraulic transition process of cascade pumping station accidental pump⁃stop was simulated.In order to solve the problem of water column separation,unit excessive reversal,regulating pool top or suction,the corresponding protection measures were put forward for single stage or multi⁃stage pumping station in cascade pumping station.Taking the water transfer project case of three⁃stage pumping station(the length of pipeline is 29.7 km,the total lift is 178 m,the designed flow is 300000 m^3/d and the pipe diameter is 1600 mm)for analy⁃sis,the results show that 38 air valves are set at the local high point and a reasonable two⁃stage shut⁃off valve operation is taken which can a⁃void the separation of the water column and the unit reversal of the three⁃stage pump stations accidental pump⁃stop at the same time.In a rea⁃sonable order and response time to stop the remaining pumping station for single⁃stage pump station accidental pump⁃stop,and two⁃stage pump station accidental pump⁃stop to stop the pump in reasonable response time,can effectively avoid the pump dry or top problem.The scale selection of adjustment pool should consider pump stop response time,accidental pump⁃stop water hammer and other factors.Finally,it is recommended that the project can set overflow hole in the adjustment pool at height of sidewall or take open structure to avoid unfavorable situations if possible.

关 键 词：梯级泵站 事故停泵 水柱分离 停泵先后顺序 停泵响应时间 防护 

分 类 号：TV134[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]