军民融合的日本范式——日本军民两用技术发展策略、经验与启示  

Japan’s Pattern on Military-civil Integration:Strategy,Experiences and Policy Implication of Dual-use Technology Development

作　　者：朱启超[1] 王姝[1,2] Zhu Qichao;Wang Shu

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学国防科技战略研究智库 [2]《国防科技》编辑部

出　　处：《日本学刊》2020年第3期101-127,共27页Japanese Studies

摘　　要：世界范围内新一轮科技革命迅猛发展,其中一个显著特点是军用技术和民用技术之间的边界日益模糊,发展军民两用技术对于推动国家科技创新、承接有竞争力的产业链分工、塑造国家安全科技基础等意义深远,因而受到世界主要国家的高度重视。二战后,日本根据其特殊的政治环境、留存下来的科技工业基础,制定了适合本国国情的军民两用技术的发展策略,为日本推进科技产业创新、打造具有竞争力的产业链、开展全球贸易等提供了重要支撑。分析日本发展军民两用技术的动因背景、基础条件、主要举措和成效,总结日本关于军民两用技术的战略规划、项目布局、法律与经济政策上的经验启示,对于世界其他国家推进军民融合和两用技术发展具有重要的借鉴价值。A new round of scientific and technological revolution is developing rapidly in the world,with the remarkable characteristic of which as the blurring boundaries between military technology and civil technology.The development of dual-use technology is of great significance for promoting national scientific and technological innovation,undertaking a competitive industrial chain division of labor and shaping the scientific and technological foundation of national security,which is highly valued by major countries in the world.Since the end of WWII,based on its special political environment and strong foundation of science,technology and manufacturing industry,Japan has formulated its own strategy of developing the dual-use technology,which provided important support for innovating the science and technology industry,building a competitive industrial chain and expanding foreign trade.The analysis of motivation background,basic conditions,main initiatives and effectiveness of Japan’s development of dual-use technology as well as the experience strategic planning,project layout and legal and economic policies of supporting the dual-use technology in Japan will have a policy implication for other countries in promoting military-civil integration and developing the dual-use technology.

关 键 词：军民融合 两用技术 科技创新 产业链 日本范式 

分 类 号：D815.5[政治法律—国际关系] F426.48[政治法律—政治学]