从集体建立到牧户围封:内蒙古草原围栏兴起与转型的历史探讨  

From Collective Establishment to Herdsman Enclosure:The Historical Discussion of Grassland Fence's Rise and Transition in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：韩丽敏[1] 李军[1] Han Limin;Li Jun

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国经济史研究》2020年第4期182-192,共11页Researches in Chinese Economic History

基　　金：农业部“国家现代肉羊产业技术体系”项目(批准号:CARS-38);清华大学“中国农村研究院博士论文奖学金”项目(批准号:201819);“内蒙古牧区现代化研究”项目(批准号:2019Z02)的阶段性成果之一。宝贵意见。

摘　　要：自治区成立后,内蒙古草原围栏迅速发展,并经历了从集体建立到牧户围封的经营形式转变,顺应了牧民在草畜矛盾日益加剧过程中对不断加大草场保护力度的需求。围栏能够增强人们对围封草场的剩余索取能力,从而提高人们保护草场和改进畜牧业生产的投入积极性,自治区畜牧业生产能力不断提高;此外还一定程度上有效化解了牧区长期存在的乱垦、滥挖、“大户吃小户”等问题。本文回顾了内蒙古草原围栏兴起的背景,分析了转型的原因、过程及效果,并探讨了自治区草原围栏牧户围封模式的改革方向。Since the establishment of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,grassland fence has developed rapidly and experienced a transformation from collective establishment to herdsman enclosure,which meets the needs of herdsmen to increase the protection of grassland in the process of increasing contradiction between grass and livestock.Fence can enhance the ability of people to collect the surplus of enclosed grassland,thus further improve the enthusiasm of people to protect the grassland and improve the production of animal husbandry.And the production capacity of animal husbandry in the autonomous region has been continuously improved.To a certain extent,it also has effectively solved the long-standing problems in pastoral areas,such as disorderly cultivation,excessive digging,large-scale herdsmen encroaching small-scale herdsmen's pasture and so on.This paper analyzed the background,the cause,the process and the effect of grassland fence in Inner Mongolia,and discussed its reform direction.

关 键 词：草原围栏 集体建立 牧户围封 内蒙古 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]