复杂裂缝型碳酸盐岩储层建模方法研究--以L油田灰岩油藏为例  

Research on Modeling Method of Complicated Fractured Carbonate Reservoir--A Case Study on Limestone Reservoir of Oilfield L

作　　者：陈敏政 涂乙 潘石坚 李珙 Chen Minzheng;Tu Yi;Pan Shijian;Li Gong(CNOOC Shenzhen Branch,Shenzhen Guangdong 518000)

机构地区：[1]中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《中外能源》2020年第5期35-40,共6页Sino-Global Energy

基　　金：中海石油(中国)有限公司综合科研课题“南海东部生物礁灰岩油田提高采收率研究”(编号:YXKY-2015-SZ-01)。

摘　　要：裂缝型碳酸盐岩储层一般受后期成岩作用和构造作用的综合影响而形成。这类储层非均质性极强,储集空间复杂,一般具有基质和裂缝两套储渗系统。与常规砂泥岩储层不同,这类储层在地质建模表征过程中难以直接借鉴碎屑岩储层的建模方法。本文认为裂缝型碳酸盐岩储层地质建模应遵循"分类分尺度"的基本思路。对于具有多种储集空间的复杂储层,首先应按照成因和尺度对储集空间进行划分,在此基础上划分不同的建模单元,不同的建模单元利用不同的建模方法进行表征,最后得到一个能反映地下真实储渗状态的地质模型。以珠江口盆地L油田为例,按照上述地质建模原则,在地质研究的基础上,将建模单元划分为基质系统和裂缝系统两类。对于基质系统,可以借鉴常规孔隙型储层建模方法进行表征;对于裂缝系统,首先分析不同尺度裂缝间的成因关系,大尺度裂缝对小尺度裂缝有成因约束。按照层次约束的原则,首先建立大尺度裂缝分布模式,在此基础上建立小尺度裂缝的分布模式,在裂缝分布模式的基础上得到裂缝物性分布模式,最终将裂缝属性等效至基质网格系统,得到一个反映基质孔隙和裂缝双重系统的地质模型,为油田后期的开发调整提供有利依据。Fractured carbonate reservoirs are generally formed by the later diagenesis and tectonism.This type of reservoir has strong heterogeneity,complex reservoir space,and generally has two sets of reservoir matrix and fracture seepage systems.Being different to the conventional sand-shale reservoir,and this type of reservoir is hard to be modeled on geology when the modeling method of the clastic reservoir is used directly.In this paper,the geological modeling of the fractured carbonate reservoir should follow the basic idea of "classification and scale" in author’ s opinion.For the complex reservoirs with various reservoir spaces,the reservoir spaces should be divided firstly in accordance with the causes and scale,and then modeling unit should be classified and characterized using different modeling methods,and finally a geological model reflects the real state of the underground reservoir may be gotten.In the Oilfield L of Pearl River Mouth Basin,the modeling units are divided into matrix system and fracture system according to the above geological modeling principle on the basis of the geological research.For the matrix system,it may be characterized by the modeling method for the conventional pore reservoir;for the fracture system,the genetic relationship among the fractures with different scales may be firstly analyzed,and the fractures at large scale constraints on those at small scale on the genesis.According to the constraint hierarchy principle,distribution pattern of large scale fractures may be formed,and then the distribution mode of small scale fractures may be known.Physical distribution mode of the fractures may be gotten based on the fracture distribution mode.The fracture attribute will be eventually equivalent to that in the matrix grid system,and a geological model reflected matrix pore and fracture dual system may be established.It will provide favorable basis for later development.

关 键 词：碳酸盐岩 裂缝型储层 分类 分尺度 地质建模 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]