抑郁症患者人格、应对方式和抑郁严重程度的关系  

Personality,coping style and severity of depression in patients with depression

作　　者：刘敏[1,2] 杜巧荣 王禹辰[1,2] 王纪智 王俊彦 孙宁 LIU Min;DU Qiaorong;WANG Yuchen(Department of Mental Health,First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taisyuan 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学第一医院精神卫生科,山西太原030001 [2]山西医科大学人文社会科学学院 [3]山西医科大学护理学院

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2020年第6期801-805,共5页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(编号:81601192);山西省高等学校创新人才支持计划资助;山西医科大学博士启动基金(编号:BS03201635)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨抑郁症患者与正常对照之间应对方式与人格特质的差异,抑郁症患者人格特质、应对方式与抑郁严重程度之间的关系,以及人格特质和应对方式是如何影响抑郁症患者抑郁严重程度的,人格特质对抑郁症患者应对方式的影响。方法:采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)对山西某三级甲等医院的357例抑郁症患者及284例正常对照组进行调查和评估,用SPSS 22.0对数据进行非参数检验、分层回归分析及线性回归分析。结果:①抑郁患者组在消极应对上高于正常对照组,在积极应对上低于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(Z=13.841,-15.491;P<0.05);抑郁患者组在精神质和神经质因子上的得分显著高于正常对照组,在内外向因子上的得分显著低于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(Z=18.442,2.454,-5.375;P<0.05);②人格特质中的精神质与抑郁呈显著正相关(r=0.190,P<0.01),应对方式总分与抑郁呈显著正相关(r=0.123,P<0.05),与神经质、精神质、内外向均显著相关(r=0.197,0.556,-0.172;P<0.01);③分层回归结果显示,人口学变量中的年龄能预测抑郁症状变化的5.2%,人格特质中的精神质因子能预测抑郁症状变化的6%(F=5.956,P<0.001);精神质和神经质能预测应对方式变化的31.5%(F=55.685,P<0.001)。结论:抑郁症患者与正常对照在应对方式和人格特质上均有显著差异,抑郁症患者人格特质中的精神质和应对方式与抑郁严重程度相关,抑郁症患者的人格特质与采取的应对方式密切相关,其中高精神质和神经质水平对患者采取消极应对方式有一定影响。Objective:To explore the differences of coping styles and personality traits between patients with depression and normal controls,the relationship between personality traits,coping styles and severity of depression in patients with depression,and how personality traits and coping styles affect severity of depression in patients with depression,and the influence of personality traits on coping style in patients with depression.Methods:The Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ)and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire(TCSQ)were used to investigate and evaluate 357 cases of depression and 284 cases of normal control group in a third-level first-class hospital in Shanxi.SPSS 22.0 was used for non-parametric test,hierarchical regression analysis and linear regression analysis.Results:① In the depressed group,the score of negative coping style was higher than that of the normal control group,and the positive coping style score was lower than that of the normal control group,with statistically significant differences(Z=13.841,-15.491;P<0.05).EPQ-P and EPQ-N score in the depressed group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group,and EPQ-E score was significantly lower than that in the normal control group,with statistically significant differences(Z=18.442,2.454,-5.375;P<0.05).② EPQ-P was significantly positively correlated with depression(r=0.190,P<0.01).The total score of TCSQ was significantly positively correlated with depression(r=0.123,P<0.05),and significantly correlated with EPQ-P,EPQ-N,EPQ-E(r=0.197,0.556,0.172;P<0.01).③ Hierarchical regression results showed that age could predict 5.2% of depressive symptoms,and factors EPQ-P could predict 6% of depressive symptoms(F=5.956,P<0.001).EPQ-P and EPQ-N predicted 31.5% of coping style changes(F=55.685,P<0.001).Conclusion:There are significant differences in coping styles and personality traits between depression patients and normal controls.There is a certain relationship between EPQ-P and depressive symptoms.The

关 键 词：抑郁症 应对方式 人格 精神质 

分 类 号：R395.4[哲学宗教—心理学]