培养工程师的数字化能力  

How to Cultivate Engineers’ Digital Competence

作　　者：朱凌 施锦诚 吴婧姗 Zhu Ling;Shi Jincheng;Wu Jingshan

机构地区：[1]浙江大学中国科教战略研究院 [2]浙江大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《高等工程教育研究》2020年第3期60-67,共8页Research in Higher Education of Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(7177030261);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(18YJC630197);中国工程院院士咨询项目(2019-XY-42)。

摘　　要：数字化技术的快速发展正在改变传统制造业的发展基础和经营方式,我国相关产业在转型和结构调整过程中面临着巨大挑战,同时对产业急需的数字化转型中的工程师能力提出了全新要求。本文尝试从产业视角考察数字化转型过程中工程师能力识别和校企联合培养问题,结合我国高校工科人才培养改革需求,为工程师的培养提供需求侧分析。经过对春风动力、阿里云、海康威视、科大讯飞等典型企业的工程师数字化能力及发展阶段解析,以及调查企业正在尝试的工程师(产学合作)培训方式后发现:工程师数字化能力主要包括适应数字环境能力、智能设备操控能力、数字抽象分析能力、仿真模拟能力;企业在数字化转型中提升工程师数字化能力的典型模式有产教深度融合模式、新型师徒制模式、前沿课程开发模式、数字化平台认证模式。本文对我国制造业数字化转型中人力资源开发、识别与培养数字化能力具有一定的参考价值。The rapid development of digital technology is changing the development basis and operation methods of traditional manufacturing industries. China’s related industries are facing huge challenges in the process of transformation and structural adjustment. Meanwhile, there are new requirements for the competency of engineers who are urgently needed by the industries in digital transformation. This paper attempts to examine the issue of the recognition of engineers’ competency and joint training of schools and enterprises in digital transformation from the perspective of industry, and provides demand-side analyses for the training of engineers based on the needs of engineering talent training reform in Chinese universities. After analyzing the digital competency and development stages of engineers in typical enterprises, such as CFMOTO, Alibaba Cloud, Hikvision, iFLYTEK, and studying the engineer training methods(industry-university cooperation) applied in enterprises, it is found that: firstly, the digital competency of engineers mainly includes the ability of adapting to digital environment, the ability of operating intelligent equipment, digital abstract analysis ability, and the simulation and imitation ability;secondly, in digital transformation, enterprises can use four typical models to enhance the digital competency of engineers, namely the industry-university deep integration mode, the new apprenticeship mode, the cutting-edge curriculum development mode and the digital platform certification mode. This paper is helpful for human resource development, identification and training of engineers’ digital competency in the digital transformation of manufacturing industries in China.

关 键 词：数字化能力 工程师培养模式 多案例研究 

分 类 号：TB-4[一般工业技术] G642[文化科学—高等教育学]