塞拉利昂中国籍员工2019年疟疾感染率调查及蚊媒防控知识培训效果评价  

Investigation of malaria infection rate among Chinese staffs and evaluation of the effect of training on mosquito vector control in Sierra Leone,2019

作　　者：赵宁 涂宏 郭玉红[1] 刘小波[1] 任东升[1] 罗巍[2,4] 邹小辉 赵迎泽[2,5] 郑霄 孙永[2,6] 刘洋 马江涛[2,7] 万家余[2,8] 王立立 段招军 刘起勇[1] ZHAO Ning;TU Hong;GUO Yu-hong;LIU Xiao-bo;REN Dong-sheng;LUO Wei;ZOU Xiao-hui;ZHAO Ying-ze;ZHENG Xiao;SUN Yong;LIU Yang;MA Jiang-tao;WAN Jia-yu;WANG Li-li;DUAN Zhao-jun;LIU Qi-yong(State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China;Sierra Leone-China Friendship Biosafety Laboratory;National Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention;National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention;National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention;Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention;Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention;Institute of Military Veterinary,Academy of Military Medical Sciences;Global Public Health Center,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所媒介生物控制室,传染病预防控制国家重点实验室,北京102206 [2]塞拉利昂-中国友好生物安全实验室,塞拉利昂弗里敦999127 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所,上海200025 [4]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心,北京102206 [5]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所,北京102206 [6]安徽省疾病预防控制中心,安徽合肥230601 [7]宁夏回族自治区疾病预防控制中心,宁夏银川750004 [8]军事医学科学院军事兽医研究所,吉林长春130122 [9]中国疾病预防控制中心全球公共卫生中心,北京102206

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2020年第3期277-281,共5页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2018ZX10101002-002-011);国家科技支撑计划(2014BAI13B05)。

摘　　要：目的调查驻塞拉利昂各中资机构中方员工的疟疾感染率,并通过培训使其掌握全面的疟疾蚊媒防控知识。方法由各中资机构选派其中方员工接受疟疾蚊媒防控知识培训。采用整群抽样方法,在培训班开始前对全部134名学员进行问卷调查。授课老师以幻灯(PowerPoint)形式面对面讲授疟疾蚊媒防控知识,并通过蚊虫实物标本学习,使学员认识塞拉利昂疟疾的主要传播媒介冈比亚按蚊及其习性。培训后填写疟疾蚊媒防控知识问卷,并对培训进行考核和效果评估。问卷采用t检验和方差分析进行统计学分析。结果学员培训前蚊媒防控知识平均得分为(31.46±20.68)分,培训后平均得分为(85.98±16.33)分,差异有统计学意义(F=565.636,P<0.001)。调查发现学员近1年的平均疟疾感染率为29.10%,户外工作者的疟疾感染率(37.40%)高于室内工作者(5.70%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=12.561,P<0.001);学员培训前得分情况与疟疾感染率相关性分析显示,与高学历者相比,低学历者平均得分较低,疟疾感染率较高,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=6.152,P=0.046)。学员培训前分数同疟疾感染率呈现一定的负相关性。结论在塞拉利昂应加强各中资机构工作人员特别是从事户外工作以及低学历工作者蚊媒防控知识培训。培训单位应结合当地实际监测和疟疾流行情况,制定培训计划,定期于当地对驻外工作者进行相关蚊媒防控知识培训,使其做到科学防控疟疾等蚊媒传染病。Objective To investigate the malaria infection rate among Chinese staffs of Chinese-funded institutions in Sierra Leone and train them to acquire comprehensive knowledge of malaria vector control.Methods Chinese-funded institutions selected their staffs to receive training on malaria vector control.Using the cluster sampling method,a questionnaire survey was conducted among all 134 trainees before the training course started.The trainer taught the knowledge of malaria vector control face to face using PPT(PowerPoint),and the trainees learned about the principal vector of malaria in Sierra Leone,Anopheles gambiae,and its characteristics and habits through the study of mosquito specimens.After the training,the questionnaire of malaria vector control knowledge was used again to evaluate the training effect.The results of questionnaire survey were analyzed statistically using the t test and chi-square test.Results The mean awareness score of mosquito vector control knowledge was 31.46±20.68 before training and 85.98±16.33 after training,with a significant improvement(F=565.636,P<0.001).The investigation showed that the malaria infection rate average among trainees in the past year was 29.10%,significantly higher in outdoor workers than in indoor workers(37.40%vs 5.70%,χ^2=12.561,P<0.001).The analysis of correlation between trainees’pre-training scores and malaria infection rate showed that compared with the highly educated staffs,those with a lower education level had the lower mean score and a significantly higher malaria infection rate(χ^2=6.152,P=0.046).The pre-training scores showed a negative correlation with the malaria infection rate.Conclusion In Sierra Leone,the training on mosquito vector control knowledge should be strengthened among the staff members of Chinese-funded institutions,especially those working outdoors and those with a lower education level.Training plans should be developed based on local mosquito vector surveillance data and malaria epidemic situation,and training on relevant mosquito

关 键 词：疟疾 蚊媒防控 培训 塞拉利昂 中国籍员工 

分 类 号：R373.3[医药卫生—病原生物学] R384.1[医药卫生—基础医学]