两份大麦纯合突变体与其原始品种的氮素吸收利用差异  

Differences of nitrogen uptake and utilization between two homozygous mutants and their original cultivar of barley

作　　者：高润红[1,2,3] 徐红卫 郭桂梅[1,2] 方春燕 任金宝[4] 宗营杰 张述伟[1,2] 马运涛 杜志钊 王亦菲 陆瑞菊 陈建民[3] 刘成洪 GAO Runhong;XU Hongwei;GUO Guimei;FANG Chunyan;REN Jinbao;ju;ZONG Yingjie;ZHANG Shuwei;MA Yuntao;DU Zhizhao;Wang Yifei;LU Ruiju;CHEN Jianmin;LIU Chenghong(Biotechnology Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201106,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding,Shanghai 201106,China;College of Bioscience and Biotechnology,Co-innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009,China;Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215008,China;Shanghai Municipal Agricultural Science and Technology Service Centre,Shanghai 200335,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院生物技术研究所,上海201106 [2]上海市农业遗传育种重点实验室,上海201106 [3]扬州大学生物科学与生物技术学院,现代粮食作物生产技术联合创新中心,江苏扬州225009 [4]苏州农业职业技术学院,江苏苏州215008 [5]上海市农业科技服务中心,上海200335

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2020年第4期863-870,共8页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：上海市农口青年成长计划[沪农青字(2018)第1-33号];国家自然科学基金(31801353);上海市农业科学院学科领域建设专项资助[农科国推2019(匹配-07)];现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-05-01A-02)。

摘　　要：为了探究突变体株系与亲本之间氮素利用效率差异形成的原因,在两种氮素水平下研究了两份大麦(Hordeum vulgare)突变体与亲本‘花30’的干物质和氮素积累与转运特性及其与氮效率的关系,结果表明来源于小孢子甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变的A9-29是一份低氮高效型株系,来源于空间诱变结合小孢子培养的SP花30(15)是一份高氮高效型株系,两份突变体在不同氮素水平下干物质和氮素的积累、转运、分配特征及产量和氮素利用效率等与‘花30’显著不同;A9-29在低氮条件下而SP花30(15)在高氮条件下的籽粒产量和籽粒氮素含量分别显著高于‘花30’,是由于花前干物质/氮素转运和花后干物质/氮素积累共同促进的结果;氮利用率的提高主要是由于氮素吸收效率提高引起的。两份材料的获得拟为氮高效育种提供良种资源,也为氮高效吸收机理的研究提供参考。In order to explore the causes of differences of nitrogen use efficiency(NUE) between barley(Hordeum vulgare) mutants and wild type ‘Hua 30’, the accumulation and transportation of dry matter and nitrogen between mutants and wild type were characterized and their relationship with NUE were studied at two levels of nitrogen fertilizer applications. The results show that barley mutant A9-29 derived from ethyl methanesulfonate(EMS)-treated microspore mutagenesis was a high NUE line at low nitrogen level, while barley mutant SP Hua 30(15) derived from space mutagenesis combined with microspore culture was a high NUE line at high nitrogen level. The accumulation, transportation and distribution of the dry matter and nitrogen, the grain yield and NUE of two mutants were significantly different from those of ‘Hua30’ at different nitrogen levels. Regarding the grain yield and nitrogen content, A9-29 was significantly higher than ‘Hua30’ at low nitrogen level while SP Hua 30(15) was significantly higher than ‘Hua30’ at high nitrogen level, which was contributed by pre-anthesis dry matter/nitrogen translocation and post-anthesis dry matter/nitrogen accumulation. The increase of NUE in mutants is mainly due to the improvement of nitrogen uptake efficiency. The characterization of two mutants would not only provide promising germplasm resources for high NUE breeding, but also excellent experimental materials for the study on machanism of nitrogen absorption efficiency.

关 键 词：大麦 小孢子培养 突变体 干物质积累与转运 氮素积累与转运 氮利用率 

分 类 号：S512.3[农业科学—作物学]