452例儿童急性呼吸道病毒感染的流行病学调查  

Epidemiological investigation of 452 children with acute respiratory viral infection

作　　者：赵岚[1] 方晓丹[1] 王蒙荷[1] 刘英[2] 陈益平[3] 蒋红心 ZHAO Lan;FANG Xiaodan;WANG Menghe;LIU Ying;CHEN Yiping;JIANG Hongxin(Department of Pediatrics,Jinhua Municipal People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang Jinhua 321000,China;Department of Pediatrics,Yiwu Municipal Central Hospital of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang Yiwu 322000,China;Department of Infectious Disease,Wenzhou Medical University,Zhejiang Wenzhou 325000,China;Department of Pediatrics,Dongyang Municipal Maternity and Child Health Hospital,Zhejiang Dongyang 322100,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省金华市人民医院儿科,浙江金华321000 [2]浙江省义乌市中心医院儿科,浙江义乌322000 [3]温州医科大学感染科,浙江温州325000 [4]浙江省东阳市妇保院儿科,浙江东阳322100

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2020年第6期722-726,共5页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

摘　　要：目的观察儿童急性呼吸道病毒感染的情况及流行病学特征。方法选取浙江省金华市人民医院儿科在2016年1至12月收治的452例急性呼吸道感染患儿为研究对象,采用实时荧光定量PCR法对鼻病毒(HRV)、偏肺病毒(HMPV)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒(ADE)、副流感病毒Ⅰ型(PIV1)、副流感病毒Ⅱ型(PIV2)、副流感病毒Ⅲ型(PIV3)、流感病毒A型(FluA)、流感病毒B型(FluB)9种病原体进行检测,同时采用自拟调查问卷收集患儿临床资料,分析儿童急性呼吸道病毒感染的情况及流行病学特征。结果 452例患儿中,共检出病毒核酸阳性204例,阳性检出率为45.13%(204/452),其中HRV阳性数检出最多,为51例,阳性率11.28%(51/452);其次为FluA 40例,阳性率8.85%(40/452),混合感染23例,阳性率5.09%(23/452);不同性别患儿总阳性检出率相比差异无统计学意义(χ^2=0.239,P>0.05);冬季患儿病毒总阳性检出率和HRV、FluA阳性检出率明显高于其他季节,差异具有统计学意义(χ^2值分别为50.577、22.124、17.992,均P<0.05);0~4岁患儿病毒总阳性检出率和HRV、FluA阳性检出率明显高于其他年龄患儿,且患儿病毒总阳性检出率和HRV、FluA阳性检出率随着年龄增长而逐渐下降(χ^2值分别为21.954、11.723、7.724,均P<0.05)。结论儿童急性呼吸道病毒感染以HRV感染为主,0~4岁为易感人群,好发于冬季;临床上应根据儿童急性呼吸道病毒感染的流行病学特点制定相关防治措施,以减少其发生。Objective To investigate epidemiological features of acute respiratory tract viral infection in children.Methods 452 children with acute respiratory tract infection who were admitted to Department of Pediatrics of Jinhua Municipal People’s Hospital from January to December 2016 were selected as research subjects.The human rhinovirus(HRV),human metapneumovirus(HMPV),respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),adenovirus(ADE),parainfluenza virusⅠ(PIV1),parainfluenza virusⅡ(PIV2),parainfluenza virusⅢ(PIV3),influenza virus A(FluA),influenza virus B(FluB)were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR)assay.The clinical data of the children were collected by self-designed questionnaire.The epidemiological features and incidence of acute respiratory tract viral infection in the children were analyzed.Results A total of 204 children with positive viral nucleic acid were identified among 452 children and the total positive detection rate was 45.13%(204/452).Of which,51 cases of positive HRV were the most with 11.28%(51/452)of the positive rate,40 cases of FluA were the next with 8.85%(40/452)of the positive rate,23 cases of mixed infection were found with 5.09%(23/452)of the positive rate.In the total positive detection rate,there was no significant difference between different genders of the children(χ^2=0.239,P>0.05).In winter,the total positive detection rate of the viruses and the positive detection rates of HRV and FluA in the children were significantly higher than those in other seasons,and the differences were significant(χ^2=50.577,22.124 and 17.992 respectively,all P<0.05).In 0~4 year-old age group,the total positive detection rate of the viruses,and the positive detection rates of HRV and FluA in the children were significantly higher than those in other age groups(χ^2=21.954,11.723 and 7.724 respectively,all P<0.05),showing a gradual descending tendency with increasing in age of the children.Conclusion The acute respiratory tract viral infection in the children is mainly HRV

关 键 词：急性呼吸道感染 儿童患者 流行病学 鼻病毒感染 流感病毒A型感染 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]