不同出生体重对0~6岁儿童超重或肥胖的影响  

Effect of different birth weight on incidence of overweight or obesity in pre-school aged children

作　　者：吴琳清 屠蕾 WU Linqing;TU Lei(Department of Child Health,Changning District Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Shanghai City,Shanghai 200050,China;Department of Nursing,Changning District Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Shanghai City,Shanghai 200050,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市长宁区妇幼保健院儿童保健部,上海200050 [2]上海市长宁区妇幼保健院护理部,上海200050

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2020年第6期727-731,共5页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

摘　　要：目的分析不同出生体重对0~6岁儿童出现超重或肥胖的影响。方法采用回顾性研究,收集2015年1月至2018年9月上海市长宁区妇幼保健院0~6岁儿童的身高和体重数据,并记录儿童性别、年龄、出生体重、孕周、出生身长、分娩方式及母乳喂养等情况。根据入选儿童出生体重的不同,将其分为A组(<2 500g)、B组(2 500~2 999g)、C组(3 000~3 499g)、D组(3 500~3 999g)、E组(≥4 000g)。记录各组超重或肥胖的发生率,采用多元Logistic回归分析判断出生体重与0~6岁儿童发生超重或肥胖的相关性,并对各个相关因素的影响进行调整。结果 A、B、C、D、E组肥胖发生率分别为3.57%、4.02%、4.83%、6.15%、14.56%,超重发生率分别为8.93%、9.64%、9.57%、12.15%、20.25%。在调整年龄、性别、出生身长、孕周、分娩方式及母乳喂养后,A、B组出生体重与0~6岁儿童体重均无相关性(r值分别为-0.05、0.07,均P>0.05),而C、D、E组出生体重与0~6岁儿童体重均呈正相关(r值分别为0.20、0.36、0.48,均P<0.01)。在调整性别、年龄、分娩方式及孕周等相关因素后,A组发生肥胖或超重的风险性与C组比较均无明显差异(RR值分别为1.22、0.92,95%CI分别为0.94~1.65、0.72~1.38,均P>0.05);相比C组,B组儿童发生肥胖和超重的风险性均明显下降(RR值分别为0.89、0.74,95%CI分别为0.71~0.95、0.65~0.91,均P<0.01),D、E组儿童发生肥胖和超重的风险性均明显升高(RR值分别为1.36、1.47、2.01、1.75,95%CI分别为1.22~2.06、1.35~4.65、1.68~4.51、1.42~5.33,均P<0.01)。结论不同出生体重的0~6岁儿童出现超重或肥胖的发生率均存在明显差异,其中出生体重超过3 500g的儿童发生肥胖或超重的风险性明显升高。Objective To analyze effect of different birth weight on incidence of overweight or obesity in pre-school aged children(0~6 years old).Methods A retrospective study was conducted to collect the data of height and weight of pre-school aged children who received physical examination in our hospital over a period from January 2015 to September 2019.The data including gender,age,birth weight,gestational age at birth,birth length,mode of delivery and breastfeeding were recorded.According to birth weight,the selected children were divided into group A(with birth weight<2500 g),group B(with birth weight between 2500~2999 g),group C(with birth weight between 3000~3499 g),group D(with birth weight between 3500~3999 g)and group E(with birth weight≥4000 g).The incidence of overweight or obesity in each group was recorded,and the correlation between birth weight and incidence of overweight or obesity in pre-school aged children was analyzed by using multiple logistic regression,and the influences of various cell factors were adjusted.Results The incidence of obesity was 3.57%,4.02%,4.83%,6.15%and 14.56%in groups A,B,C,D and E respectively,and the incidence of overweight was 8.93%,9.64%,9.57%,12.15%and 20.25%respectively.After adjusting for relevant factors such as age,gender,birth length,gestational age at birth,mode of delivery and breastfeeding,there was no correlation between the birth weight and the weight at their age of 0~6 years in both groups A and B(r=0.05 and 0.07 respectively,both P>0.05),while there was a positive correlation between birth weight and the weight of the children at their age of 0~6 years in groups C,D and E(r=0.20,0.36 and 0.48 respectively,all P<0.01).After adjusting for gender,age,mode of delivery and gestational age at birth and other relevant factors,there were no significant differences in the risks of obesity and overweight between group A and group C(for obesity:RR=1.22,95%CI:0.94~1.65;for overweight:RR=0.92,95%CI:0.72~1.38 respectively,both P>0.05).Compared with group C,the risks of obesi

关 键 词：儿童 出生体重 超重 肥胖 

分 类 号：R723.14[医药卫生—儿科]