失能老人突出品格优势及其影响因素研究  

Current situation and influencing factors of prominent character strengths among the disabled elderly

作　　者：徐寅 杨如美[2] 顾美珍[2] 李惠玲 Xu Yin;Yang Rumei;Gu Meizhen;Li Huiling(School of Nursing,Medical College of Soochow University,Suzhou 215006,China;Department of Geriatrics,Luwan Branch,Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200020,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学医学部护理学院,215006 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院卢湾分院老年病科,上海200020

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2020年第17期2342-2347,共6页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的分析失能老人这一群体最突出的品格优势及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法选取上海某二级甲等综合医院老年病科和心内科的失能老人228例为研究对象,采用自制的一般资料调查表、中文长处问卷(CVQ-96)和Barthel指数评定量表(BI)进行横断面调查和品格优势的影响因素分析。结果228例失能老人品格优势为亲和力90例,品格优势为生命力137例,品格优势为意志力1例。失能老人最突出的品格优势为生命力,单因素分析显示,不同年龄、文化程度、是否使用智能产品、宗教信仰、与配偶的关系、社会交往、生活总体满意度、月收入和是否存在言语障碍的失能老人生命力得分差异有统计学意义(t值分别为5.562、5.025、10.551、-2.098、4.047、96.006、11.094、20.952、-2.196;P<0.05);其中年龄>85岁、文化程度为高中及以上、会使用智能产品、社会交往频率高、对生活总体满意度高对失能老人品格中的生命力优势有独立的影响(P<0.05)。结论针对上述可控的保护因素,在品格优势理论的指导下,可为相关部门完善失能老人健康政策和建立健全老年人群健康评价体系提供理论依据。Objective To explore the current situation and influencing factors of most prominent character strength among disabled elders.Methods The study selected 228 disabled elders of Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Department at a ClassⅡGrade A general hospital in Shanghai as subjects by convenience sampling.The cross-sectional survey was carried out with the self-designed General Information Scale,Chinese Virtues Questionnaire-96(CVQ-96)and Barthel Index(BI)and influencing factors were analyzed.Results Among 228 disabled elders,there were 90 cases with character strength in affinity,137 cases with character strength in vitality and one case with character strength in willpower.The most prominent character strength of disabled elders was vitality.Single factor analysis showed that there were statistical differences in the scores of vitality among disabled elders with different ages,education levels,use smart products or not,religious belief,relationships with spouse,social communications,overall life satisfaction,monthly income and with or without speech disorders(t=5.562,5.025,10.551,-2.098,4.047,96.006,11.094,20.952,-2.196;P<0.05).The independent influencing factors of vitality strength of character among disabled elders included the age>85,education levels with high school or above,being able to use smart products,high frequencies of social communication as well as high level of overall life satisfaction with statistical differences(P<0.05).Conclusions Those protective factors under the direction of character strength theory can provide a theoretical basis for related departments to perfect health policies of disable elders and build health assessment system of the aged.

关 键 词：老年人 品格优势理论 失能老人 主观幸福感 生命力优势 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]