能量和粗蛋白水平对生长期肉鹅血清生化指标和激素水平的影响及相关性分析  

Effects of energy and crude protein levels on serum biochemica lindexes and hormone levels in growing geese and their correlation analysis

作　　者：李琴[1,2] 赵献芝 谢友慧[1,2] 汪超 LI Qin;ZHAO Xianzhi;XIE Youhui;WANG Chao(Chongqing Academy of Animal Science,Chongqing 402460,China;Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Goose Genetic Improvement,Chongqing 402460,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市畜牧科学院,重庆402460 [2]重庆市肉鹅遗传改良工程技术研究中心,重庆402460

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2020年第12期35-41,共7页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家水禽产业技术体系项目(CARS-42-22);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0501505)。

摘　　要：为了研究粗蛋白(CP)和代谢能(ME)水平对生长肉鹅(22~56日龄)血清生化指标和激素水平的影响,试验采用3×3双因素试验设计(代谢能水平分别为12.86,12.13,11.43 MJ/kg,粗蛋白水平分别为17%、15%、13%),将22日龄540只四川白鹅随机分为9组,每组4个重复,每个重复15只,每个重复公、母数量为7只或8只,分别饲喂不同粗蛋白和代谢能组合日粮,于试验鹅只56日龄进行血清生化指标[葡萄糖(GLU)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(CHO)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、尿素氮(BUN)、尿酸(UA)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)]和激素[三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)、四碘甲腺原氨酸(T4)、胰岛素(INS)、胰高血糖素(Gluc)、生长激素(GH)和皮质醇(Cor)]水平的测定。结果表明:试验鹅血清UA浓度随CP水平的增加而升高,CP为17%组的肉鹅UA浓度显著高于13%组的肉鹅(P<0.05),但二者均与15%组肉鹅的UA浓度相比差异不显著(P>0.05),提示日粮CP水平超过15%时可能会降低生长肉鹅对蛋白质的利用效率;血清中CHO和HDL-C浓度随日粮中CP水平的增加呈先降低后增加的趋势,CP为13%组的试验肉鹅血清CHO、HDL-C水平显著高于15%组(P<0.05)。血清CHO、LDL-C水平随ME水平的增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势,ME为12.13 MJ/kg组的血清CHO、LDL-C水平显著高于ME为12.86和11.43 MJ/kg组(P<0.05),提示适宜的ME水平可能有助于减少试验鹅脂质的沉积。血清生化指标和激素水平相关性分析表明,GLU与AST呈显著负相关(P<0.05);BUN与AST、AST/ALT呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);CHO与HDL-C、LDL-C呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与Cor呈显著负相关(P<0.05);TG分别与AST、T3和GH呈显著或极显著负相关(P<0.05或P<0.01);HDL-C分别与LDL-C和Cor呈极显著正和负相关(P<0.01);ALT与AST和GH呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);AST与AST/ALT、GH呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);T3与TG、T4、Cor呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与To order to investigate the effects of crude protein(CP) and metabolizable energy(ME) on serum biochemicalindexes and hormone levels in growing geese(22 ~ 56 days old), the study was designed by 3×3 double factorial trial with three levels of ME(12.86, 12.13 or 11.43 MJ/kg) and CP(17%, 15% or 13%). Five hundred and forty China Sichuan white geese at the ages of 22 days were randomly divided into 9 groups with 4 replicates in each group and 15 geese in each replicate. The number of male and female in each replicate was 7 or 8, and they were fed different crude protein and metabolizable energy diets, respectively,serumbiochemicalindexes including Glucose(GLU), Triacylglycerol(TG), Cholesterol(CHO), Low-density lipoprotein(LDL-C), High density lipoprotein(HDL-C), Urea nitrogen(BUN), Uric acid(UA), Alkaline phosphatase(ALP), Alanine transaminase(ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase(AST) were measured. Serum hormone including Triiodothyronine(T3), Tetraiodothyronine(T4), Insulin(INS), Glucagon(Glu), Growth hormone(GH), and Cortisol(Cor) were measured at 56 days old. The results showed that serum UA of test geese increased with the increase of CP level.The serum UA concentration in the CP 17% group was significantly higher than that of the CP 13% group(P<0.05).However, there was no significant difference in serum UA concentration between the 17% CP group and the 15% CP group, which suggested the protein utilization efficiency of growing geese might be decreased when CP level exceeded 15%.CHO and HDL-C levels decreased first and then increased with the increase of crude protein level. Serum CHO and HDL-Clevels in 13% crude protein group were significantly higher than those in 15% group(P<0.05). Serum CHO and LDL-C levels increased first and then decreased with the increase of metabolizable energy level,the serum CHO and LDL-C levels inmetabolic energy 12.13 MJ/kg group were significantly higher than those in metabolic energy 11.43 MJ/kg and 12.86 MJ/kg groups(P<0.05),suggesting that a suitable level of metabolizable energy

关 键 词：生长肉鹅 粗蛋白 代谢能 血清生化指标 血清激素水平 

分 类 号：S835[农业科学—畜牧学]