堆积可燃粉尘自燃温度测定与防控措施  

Determination and precautionary measure of spontaneous ignition temperature of dust accumulations

作　　者：任常兴 孟双 张琰 张欣 REN Chang-xing;MENG Shuang;ZHANG Yan;ZHANG Xin(Tianjin Fire Research Institute of MEM,Tianjin 300381,China;School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]应急管理部天津消防研究所火灾理论研究室,天津300381 [2]应急管理部天津消防研究所,天津300381 [3]天津理工大学环境科学与安全工程学院,天津300384

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2020年第5期593-596,共4页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0804700);应急管理部天津消防研究所基科费项目(2018SJ05)。

摘　　要：介绍关于堆积粉尘自燃的相关测定方法标准,对比分析标准的应用范围和危险性分级依据。基于堆积粉尘自燃温度测定原理,研制了恒温烘箱测定不同容积堆积粉尘自燃温度的测定装置,给出相应的测定方法、测试条件和自燃现象判断依据。以某褐煤为例,分析不同容积堆积粉尘自燃升温的变化规律,结果表明:体积量越大达到设定恒温的时间越长,随后的升温速率越高。从粉尘温度控制、挥发物探测和储存空间、深位火灾扑救方面给出了预防堆积粉尘自燃的对策措施。The related determination methods and standards of spontaneous ignition temperature were introduced,and the scope and hazardous classification were analyzed contrastively.Based on the thermal explosion theory on spontaneous ignition temperature,a device for measuring the spontaneous combustion temperature of different volume of dust by constant temperature oven was developed.Moreover,the experimental procedure,test condition and spontaneous ignition criterion were shown.Taking some lignite as example,the spontaneous ignition temperature characteristics of dust accumulations with different volumes were analyzed,and it was shown that there is an increase in induction time to oven temperature and temperature rise rate with the increase of volume.The precautionary measures were put forward,including dust temperature control,volatile matter detection,storage space and deep fire extinguishment.

关 键 词：可燃粉尘 堆积粉尘 自燃特性 自燃温度 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TK121[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]